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Time Delay Relays provide timed-delay functions–either on-delay or off-delay operation, either normally open or normally closed, and either single-shot or repeat cycle operations–for controlling the energization or de-energization of load circuits. Figures 1 and 2 show a basic wiring diagram for a typical time-delay relay.

One of the most common application fields for Time Delay Relays are sequencer circuits where several stages of operation requiring specific timing and sequencing are needed. An example of this is in a washing machine, where a timer circuit is used to energize the motor and water valves at designated stages; and release the valves and shut off the motor. Depending on the control circuit, the timer can also be used to energize a third valve to discharge the wash water after the wash cycle is complete.

Another common application field for Time Delay Relays is industrial controls, where a timer is used to shut down machinery after a period of time. This helps to keep plant operations safe and efficient.

The working principle of Time Delay Relays is based on the use of a timer, which is a device that controls the timing of an event. A timer determines the length of time before an event occurs. The simplest form of timers are defined as on-delay and off-delay. An on-delay timer is one which delays the energization of the load for a specified time after the timer has been activated, and an off-delay timer is one which delays the de-energization of the load for a specified time after the timer has been activated.

Time delay relays can also provide repeat cycle functions. The repeat cycle function allows a timed event to repeat on a continual basis until the supply is interrupted. This is useful for control circuits where a constant action is needed. As an example, a control circuit that supplies a pump with water may require the pump to be turned on and off at certain intervals. If the repeat cycle function is used, the control circuit will continuously turn the pump off and on, until the supply is interrupted.

Time Delay Relays play a very important role in many applications, especially in industrial process control. They provide an easy and cost-effective way to control the timing and sequencing of process operations. They also provide an added layer of safety in cases where machinery needs to be continuously monitored and shut down if required.

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