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TVS - Diodes

TVS (Transient Voltage Suppressors), commonly referred to as “TVS diodes”, are specialized semiconductor devices used to protect other sensitive components, such as integrated circuits or other electrical and electronic equipment, from damage caused by high voltage spikes. These voltage spikes can be caused by electrical disturbances (lightning, electrostatic discharges, etc.) or even from normal electrical activities, such as switching off inductive loads. The typical TVS diode is an electronic component with three terminals that is used to avoid these abnormal conditions by quickly clamping the applied voltage across a component so it maintains a voltage level that is within the safe operating limit of the component. TVS diodes are usually configured as one of two types: unidirectional or bidirectional. Unidirectional diodes protect from ‘overvoltage’ conditions, where the voltage is too high, while bidirectional diodes protect from both ‘overvoltage’ and ‘undervoltage’ conditions.

15KPA220A-B

The 15KPA220A-B from Eaton is an unidirectional TVS diode designed for harsh operating environments. This device is able to quickly clamp transient overvoltages above the normal operating voltage level of the protected component in order to avoid damage. This diode is designed to provide reliable overvoltage protection from 20V to 220V in a lightweight, compact package. The 15KPA220A-B is suitable for many industrial and automotive applications, such as communications, computing, consumer electronics, industrial electronics, and automotive electronics.

Application Field

The 15KPA220A-B is suitable for protecting sensitive electronics against transient overvoltage spikes in a variety of industrial and automotive applications, such as switch-mode power supplies, computations, communications, plasma monitors, and automotive electronic components. This device also features industrial grade surge ratings of 420A (8/20µs half sine wave) and 1450W (10/1000µs). TVS diodes are crucial devices for protecting high-value assets from damage due to overvoltage or undervoltage events, such as lightning strikes, power surges, or even switching off of inductive loads.

Working Principle

When a TVS diode is installed in a circuit, it will quickly clamp any applied voltage that is above the allowed normal operating voltage of the protected component. In the case of the 15KPA220A-B, the clamping voltage is approximately 220V. When a transient surge occurs, the diode begins to conduct current and increase its voltage drop until it reaches the clamping voltage. This process happens extremely fast to divert the surge current away from the protected component and prevent damage. The 15KPA220A-B is able to quickly and successfully clamp spikes from 20V to 220V in order to protect the component.

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