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Terminal blocks - headers, plugs and sockets, commonly referred to as electrical connectors, are devices used to join two or more electrical circuits or networks together. They come in various sizes and shapes, and are used in a range of applications, from industrial to consumer electronics. The purpose of these blocks is to enable an electrical circuit to be safely and easily connected, disconnected and re-connected wherever necessary, while keeping it protected against environmental factors such as dust, dirt, moisture and temperature.

A terminal block, also known as a terminal strip, is a single piece of insulated material that has multiple terminals into which bare conductors of a circuit can be plugged. The block can also be secured to a panel with screws or holes, making it a good choice for machine building and industrial electronics where the terminal block is likely to be subjected to mechanical stresses. Generally, they are available in two sizes, small and large. The large blocks are usually used in industrial applications, and the small blocks are used in consumer electronic products.

Headers, plugs and sockets refer to any components that enable the connection of an electrical device to a power source. Headers refer to the connectors mounted on traditional circuit boards, which securely hold contact pins in place and make electrical connections between the board and an external voltage source. Plugs are physical objects inserted into a receptacle or jack in order to connect an electrical device and its corresponding power source. Lastly, sockets are the receptacles or jacks into which plugs are inserted to establish an electrical connection between two components.

Using headers, plugs and sockets can greatly reduce the need for wiring and improve the integrity of the assembly process. Wiring can be time consuming and costly and wire harnesses are often more cumbersome than the connectors they are replacing. Moreover, with the use of fast and accurate automated assembly machines, the connectors can be quickly attached while ensuring proper alignment and quality.

The working principle of these electrical components relies on providing a reliable, secure, low-resistance connection between two conductive surfaces. Typically this is done through electrical connection joints, which are made of two conductors and a thin non-conductive material sandwiched in between them. The purpose of the non-conductive material is to securely hold the two conductors together and prevent arcing, which is a short circuit between the two conductors. Connectors are designed to securely lock the two components in place with physical, electrical or both, ensuring the electrical connection remains in place even when under mechanical or vibration stresses.

In summary, terminal blocks – headers, plugs and sockets are essential components in any type of electrical circuit or setup. They enable electrical and data connections between different components without having to resort to complicated wiring or troublesome wire harnesses. With advances in automation, connectors are a cost and time-effective solution for any industrial or consumer electronics application.

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