1819 Optoelectronics

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Incandescents

An incandescent lamp is an electric light bulb that uses a filament of wire, usually made of tungsten, to convert electricity into heat and light. The heat from the filament causes the gas inside the bulb to become ionized, which in turn causes the gas to emit a bright white light.

Incandescent lamps have a long history of use and date back to 1819 when British scientist Humphry Davy made the first incandescent lamp by running a current through a carbon rod. This type of lamp is still the most widely used in homes, offices, and commercial lighting fixtures today.

The working principle of an incandescent lamp is simple and straightforward. When the lamp is turned on, electricity flows through the tungsten filament and heats it to a very high temperature. This heat causes the filament to emit a bright white light.

The advantages of an incandescent lamp include its long lifespan, low cost, and its instant on/off functionality. The disadvantages include its low efficiency, low brightness, and the fact that it produces a lot of heat.

Neons

Neon lamps are a type of gas discharge tube that uses a noble gas to emit a glowing light. The most common gases used are neon, argon, and krypton, though any type of gas, including xenon, can be used. The gas inside the tube is charged with an electric current between two electrodes which causes the gas to emit a bright colored light.

Neon lamps were first developed in 1910 and they quickly became popular due to their vibrant colors and lower costs compared to incandescent lamps. The popularity of neon lamps has waned since the development of more efficient and brighter LED lights, but they still find use in signage and decorative lighting.

The working principle of a neon lamp is fairly simple. When an electric current is applied to the electrodes inside the lamp, it causes the noble gas to become ionized and emit a bright light. The color of the light emitted depends on the type of gas used.

The advantages of a neon lamp include its low cost, vibrant colors, and low energy consumption. The disadvantages include its large size, short lifespan, and the fact that it requires a high voltage power supply to operate.

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