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Electromagnetic interference (EMI) or Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) is an unwanted by-product generated by electronic equipment or by the environment. EMI/RFI shielding is the practice of protecting electronic circuitry from electromagnetic radiation by completely encasing it in an electrically and/or magnetically conductive material. Also used for absorbing and dissipating the EMI/RFI waves in order to decrease the reflections of the emitted energy.

The main aim of EMI shielding and absorption materials is to reduce or eliminate the amount of EMI radiation that reaches a certain zone. There are different materials used for this such as tin plated steel, aluminum, copper, silver and other alloys.

The most common type of EMI shielding is the metallic shielding. It consists of metal sheets, usually made of copper or aluminium, which are placed on top of the circuits or components to absorb and attenuate the EMI signals. It usually comes in the form of a metal box or cover or a metal enclosure.

The second type of shielding involves the use of absorptive materials that absorb the EMI radiation before it can reach the sensitive components in the system. These materials are usually made of a range of dielectric substances such as rubber, glass, cloths, ceramics, plastics and composites. They can be used in the form of rubber foam, matting, ribbed foams, sprayed foam and coatings.

The major advantages of the use of EMI and RFI shielding and absorbing materials are as follows. Firstly, they help reduce the levels of EMI and RFI interference from outside sources, resulting in improved signal integrity. Secondly, they protect sensitive electronics from potential damage from EMI/RFI. Thirdly, they reduce the interactions between electrical products in the same environment and thus ensuring better performance.

The following are some of the application fields of EMI/RFI shielding and absorbing materials. One of them is in wireless communication systems where the EMI/RFI shielding materials are used to isolate the transmitting and receiving antennas and shield them from the interference generated by nearby systems.

Another application of EMI/RFI shielding materials is in military and aerospace applications where the materials are placed around the electronics to defend the electronic equipment from potential damage due to the high levels of EMI and RFI radiation.

Moreover, these materials are also widely used in medical applications such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) machines, X-ray machines, ultrasound imaging machines, etc., where they are used to protect the equipment from the damaging effects of EMI/RFI interference.

In addition to the aforementioned application of EMI/RFI shielding and absorbing materials, these materials are also used in various industrial processes where they are used to protect the workers and equipment from potential damage due to high levels of EMI and RFI.

In essence, the advantage of using EMI and RFI shielding materials and absorptives lies in their ability to protect the sensitive electronics from the interference caused by external sources. Furthermore, these materials also ensure improved performance by providing a better level of isolation between different systems in the same environment.

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