2859738

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TVS - Varistors, MOVs

The 2859738 application field and working principle include several components that all contribute towards protecting electronic circuits from excessive current caused by voltage transients. One of the more popularly utilised transient voltage suppressors (TVS) is the Varistor and the Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV). As well as having wide application fields, these devices form an integral part of the protection circuit for almost all electronic applications.

Varistors

A varistor is a device made from a combination of silicon and ceramic materials. This type of semiconductor has a very high voltage breakdown point that, combined with its low operating impedance, makes it a highly efficient surge suppressor. Varistors work on the concept that when given an excessive current, the device will divert that current away from the protected circuitry by forming a short circuit. This is done by the varistor increasing in resistance as the current rises, which then causes a temporary resistance in the circuit.

Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs)

The Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) is a type of varistor that, unlike its traditional counterpart, operates on a very different principle. MOVs are devices made from a combination of different metal oxides and are capable of withstanding much higher currents. This is because the metal oxide materials are able to provide better protection than the traditional materials used in the manufacture of varistors. The way in which MOVs work is similar to that of a fuse; when exposed to a spike of electrical energy, the MOV will redirect the energy away from the protected circuitry. This is achieved by the MOV increasing its resistance to the current as it passes through, and thus providing an effective means of shorting out the excess electricity.

Applications

Varistors and MOVs are widely used in circuits to provide protection against voltage surges and transients. They are most commonly used in power supplies, power circuits and power cords, as well as computer systems, circuit boards and communication systems. Varistors and MOVs are particularly important in applications where sensitive components may be damaged by excessive current, such as in medical and telecommunications equipment.

Conclusion

The 2859738 application field and working principle clearly demonstrate the importance of transient voltage suppressors (TVS) such as Varistors and MOVs in protecting circuits from excessive current. These devices form an integral part of the protection circuit for almost all electronic applications and are especially important in applications where sensitive components may be damaged. Therefore, it is essential that they are employed correctly in order to ensure optimum protection of the system.

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