2905585

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Solid State Relays

A solid state relay (SSR) is an electronic switching device with electrical components that are similar in many respects to a mechanical relay. However, an SSR executes the control of a switching operation using only current and voltage instead of traditional mechanical moving parts. Essentially, the SSR reactivates by means of light emitted by an LED (Light Emitting Diode) when the relay terminals are activated. These relays consist of a source of steady voltage such as 24 VDC, 220 VAC which is referred to as the control side of the relay. It also has a load side which may be anything from DC signals to 3-phase power. The SSR has an interface between control and load side and is generally called an opto-isolator.

2905585 Application Field and Working Principle

The SSR is used in multiple applications due to its reliable, reliable and less space occupying design. It has been used in the field of switching, motor controls, temperature controls, data acquisition, and digital logic signal systems. It also can be used to control AC or DC motors, DC voltage sources, solenoids, and relays as well as for similar switching applications. The SSRs can switch large AC or DC loads quickly.

SSRs operate on the same principle as other electronic switches, such as transistors, FETs, and thyristors. A small input current or voltage controls a larger output current or voltage. In the case of the SSRs, the input current is provided by an opto-isolator. The opto-isolator consists of an LED or IR diode and a phototransistor. When the input voltage is applied, the LED lights, and the phototransistor produces an output current that is connected to the output terminals, which control the voltage or current in the load side.

The output or control side of the SSR is totally isolated from the load side by an individual photo transistor and LED combination. This design connect the input and output circuits in such a way that no physical contact is made. As a result, electrical noise generated by the power being switched is reduced.

The performance of the SSR is measured in terms of time delays, switching speed, isolation voltage, static resistance, and dynamic resistance. Additionally, there are also technical specifications which include the following: maximum DC/AC voltage, switching frequency, insulation voltage, the number of current relays and the working temperature.

The SSR is often used in applications that require precise control of the on/off timing of the load. The major advantage of the SSR is that it has no moving parts, which results in a much longer lifespan than a mechanical relay. Additionally, SSRs are relatively quiet during operation, compared to mechanically actuated relays.

The design and technology of the SSR have been continuously advancing, and today, SSR have become invaluable components in a multitude of different applications. From industrial relays and motor controls to solar panel charge controllers and ventilation systems, the SSR is a reliable and effective solution that enables precise control of the switching of high current AC and DC loads.

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