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D-Sub connectors, a type of D-shaped connector, are regularly used in electrical and electronic applications, as well as in data and computer systems. In addition to these, D-Subs are also employed in a variety of other specialized applications, ranging from industrial to medical fields. The most commonly used D-Sub connectors are the HD15 (SVGA) type, the DB9 (RS232 serial) type, and the DB25 (Centronics printer and extended serial) type.

As connectors, D-Subs come in all shapes and sizes, and can be either panel-mounted or cable-mounted. Panel-mounted connectors are those which are affixed to an electrical panel or backplane, while cable-mounted connectors are the ones which are used to connect two cables or devices. While the former type utilizes a standard two-piece design, the latter usually requires the use of a three-piece assembly consisting of a backshell, hood, and latch.

A backshell is an external sleeve for the connector body, fitted to the exterior of the cable or wire. It is designed to strengthen and protect the terminal as well as the cable or wire, while also aiding in strain relief. Backshells come in a variety of shapes and sizes, the most common being the metal or plastic shell and the all-dielectric shell. The metal shell is designed for maximum strength and protection, while the plastic shell is meant to provide protection without adding too much weight and cost.

Hoods are the components that provide shielding to the interior of the connector, preventing any external interference from affecting the circuit. They usually come in two parts: a base, which is generally made of plastic or metal, and a lid, which is designed to snap onto the base. Additionally, hoods may come with an integrated strain relief system or with a dedicated cable grip nut. This allows the cable to be securely held in place, preventing it from being jerked or tugged.

The working principle of D-Sub connectors is based on electrical contact between the two terminals. In this contact, a metal pin is inserted into a socket, forming an electrical connection between the two terminals. As the components are held in place by the pins, the contacts between them provide a continuous electrical path between them, thus allowing for the flow of electricity.

In conclusion, D-Sub connectors are a type of D-shaped connectors that are commonly used in electrical and electronic applications. They come in all shapes and sizes and can either be panel-mounted or cable-mounted. D-Subs require the use of three components in order to attain a secure connection: a backshell, hood, and latch. The working principle of these connectors is based on the electrical contact between their two terminals, which allows for the flow of electricity.

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