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TVS - Diodes

TVS diodes, also known as Transient Voltage Suppressor diodes, are a form of solid-state protection circuit which is designed to prevent damage to sensitive circuits, components, or semiconductors due to transient overvoltage events such as electrostatic discharge (ESD), surges, spikes, and other similar events. They are one of the most commonly used components in the electronics industry, as they offer effective protection at a relatively low cost. TVS diodes have the ability to quickly and safely clamp high-voltage transients, preventing them from damaging delicate circuitry or sensitive electronic components.

The 3KP190 is a popular TVS diode that is used to protect various 0-220 VAC input power circuits. It has a breakdown preventing voltage of 375 volts and is designed to limit transient overvoltages to a safe voltage level. The 3KP190 is also self-regulating, meaning that it can handle up to 400 volts of reverse voltage without damage. The 3KP190 is available in two varieties, a single-diode variant and a dual-diode variant, and is designed to withstand up to 2500 Watts of peak power.

The working principle of TVS diodes is relatively simple. During normal operation, the diode is in an open circuit state and no current flows. When a transient overvoltage occurs, the electricity will try to flow through the diode, but it is blocked by the reverse voltage prevention mechanism. As the voltage increases, the diode begins to conduct, and the current is limited to the rated value of the diode, preventing further damage from occurring to the component or circuit. This phenomenon is known as avalanche breakdown. Once the transient voltage has passed, the diode will return to its open circuit state, and the component or circuit will remain protected.

TVS diodes can be used as a component in a variety of electronic systems, including consumer electronics, power supplies, and automotive electronics, as well as in military and aerospace applications. They are particularly useful in areas where high-voltage transient conditions are regular, such as areas prone to lightning strikes. TVS diodes offer an effective and relatively inexpensive method of protecting sensitive components from the damaging effects of ESD, surges, and voltage spikes.

In conclusion, the 3KP190 is a popular and effective TVS diode with many applications in various fields of electronics. It has an avalanche breakdown voltage of 375 volts, a breakdown preventing voltage of 400 volts, and is designed to withstand up to 2500 Watts of peak power. TVS diodes work by limiting the current when a transient overvoltage occurs, preventing it from damaging delicate electronics components or sensitive circuitry. Additionally, TVS diodes are widely used in consumer electronics, power supplies, automotive electronics, and other areas due to their low cost and effective protection.

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