5KP100C

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TVS diode or Transient Voltage Suppressor diode is a device designed to protect electrical and electronics circuits from transient overvoltages. All sorts of electrical surges, caused by lightning strikes, motor inductance, and sudden supply voltage changes, pose risk to connected equipment. TVS diodes are designed to withstand relatively high voltage while maintaining uninterrupted electrical conduction. There are many different types of these devices, with 5KP100C being a commonly used one in low power applications.

Applications of the 5KP100C TVS diode

The 5KP100C diode is used in communications, computers, automotive electronics, control and measuring instruments, medical equipment, and a wide range of consumer electronic products. They protect circuits from transients generated during switching of heavy loads – such as motor and relay coils – and from electro-magnetic interference, as experienced when charging capacitor banks or connecting major loads to the AC power supply network. The ease of mounting on printed circuit boards enables their widespread use in many commercial and industrial applications.

Working principle of the 5KP100C TVS diode

The construction of the 5KP100C diode consists of two separate terminals connected with a body of PN junction formed from a semiconductor. The PN junction acts like a switch, beginning to conduct when a predetermined voltage is applied between the two terminals. Once the voltage level drops down to a certain amount, the diode stops conducting. This is dependent on the amount of voltage applied and the specified voltage level of the particular device.

When a transient voltage surge is applied across the PN junction, the conductivity of it temporarily increases. This in turn leads to a rapid formation of an electric field, thereby discharging the stored energy present in the external circuit into the PN diode. This effectively absorbs the energy of the transient voltage surge without any risk of escalating to an even more powerful current because of the high resistance of the PN junction to any further rise in current. After the voltage has decayed to a safe level, the PN junction stops conducting.

Conclusion

While the 5KP100C is mostly used in low power applications, they often form the protective core of modern electronic circuits. Not only does the PN junction effectively protect circuits from transient voltage surges, it also helps limit the amount of EMI, making it a must-have in a wide range of applications.

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