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D-sub connectors, or D-shaped connectors, are one of the oldest types of electrical connections with a history dating back to the 1950s. They are used extensively in all types of electronic applications, including consumer electronics, industrial electronics, computer connections, and military applications. D-shaped connectors are specifically designed to hold multiple wires and contacts in an orderly fashion, allowing for easy connection of power and signal wires to and from different components.D-sub connectors come in several different shapes, including D, DD, DB, DE, DF, DH, DJ, DK, DL, and DZ. The most common shapes are D and DE, as they are used in the most applications. D-sub connectors have been around for decades, but they are still in use because of their reliability and ease of use.The backshells, hoods, and covers of the D-sub connectors are made from metal, plastic, or other materials. The metal backshells are usually made from stainless steel and provide mechanical protection from adverse environmental conditions such as mechanical shocks, extreme temperatures, dust, moisture, and chemical chemicals. The metal backshells are also useful when vibration is a factor as they provide better electrical contact and protection from electrical noise.The plastic hoods provide insulation and protection from dust and dirt particles. Plastic hoods are also used in applications where the surrounding environment is wet or damp, as they resist corrosion better than metal material. Plastic hoods also provide a more aesthetically pleasing look when installed in tight spaces.Backshells and hoods also come with different mounting options. The mounting options of D-sub connectors make them versatile and suitable for a wide range of applications. The D-sub connectors can be mounted from the front – this is the most common – or from the back, which is usually done when space is limited.The most important part of any D-sub connector is the contacts. The contacts are made of metal and have rectangular or tapered shapes. The contacts must be labelled correctly to ensure reliable connections. Contacts are usually gold-plated to reduce electrical resistance and corrosion.The working principle of D-sub connectors is relatively simple. The contacts in the connector interface and make electrical connection with the corresponding contacts in the other component or component assembly. When the contacts match up correctly, they make an electrical connection that transfers data, electrical signals, and/or power from one component to another.D-sub connectors are popular in many applications due to their low cost, robust design, and wide range of backshells and hoods. In addition, they are being used more and more in military and aerospace applications due to their reliability and ability to withstand harsh environmental conditions. D-sub connectors can be used in a variety of applications from consumer electronics to industrial electronics and give reliable connections for years.