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RFI and EMI - Shielding and Absorbing Materials

Shielding and absorbing materials are widely used to reduce the emission of electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio-frequency interference (RFI) from electronic and electrical equipment. There are two categories of EMI shielding and absorption materials available – metallic shielding materials and non-metallic absorptive materials. Metallic Shielding MaterialsMetallic shielding materials are generally used to protect electronic systems from external sources of EMI and RFI. Copper, aluminum, and stainless steel are the most common metals used in shielding. Copper is the most commonly used material for metallic shielding, due to its strong conductivity and ability to form into complex shapes. Aluminum is also a common shielding material as it is lightweight and cost-effective. Stainless steel is the strongest shielding material, but it is also the most expensive.These materials can be used to create a physical barrier to shield sensitive components from EMI and RFI. This type of shielding is known as “conductive shielding” and works by creating a closed loop or “Faraday cage” that conducts EMI and RFI away from sensitive components.Non-metallic Absorptive MaterialsNon-metallic absorptive materials are usually used to absorb EMI and RFI rather than to reflect them away. These materials allow EMI and RFI to be dissipated into harmless levels without affecting the performance of the electronic system. Common absorptive materials include foam, rubber, and plastic sheets or films.Foam is a popular absorptive material as it is lightweight and easy to shape and cut into specific shapes and sizes. Foam is a cost-effective solution for EMI and RFI control in enclosures.Rubber, like foam, is a cost-effective absorptive material and can be cut and shaped easily. In comparison to foam, rubber is more durable and provides greater protection against moisture and dust.Plastic sheets or films are another type of absorptive material. These materials can be designed to absorb a certain frequency or range of frequencies. They are available in a variety of thicknesses and densities and can be used to reduce EMI and RFI within an enclosure.ConclusionIn conclusion, metallic shielding materials and non-metallic absorptive materials are two categories of materials used to reduce the emission of EMI and RFI from electronic and electrical equipment. The most common metals used in shielding are copper, aluminum, and stainless steel. Common absorptive materials include foam, rubber, and plastic sheets or films. Both types of materials can be used to create a physical barrier and absorb EMI and RFI into harmless levels without affecting the performance of the electronic system.

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