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The Gas Discharge Tube Arresters (GDT) are devices used to protect electrical circuits from high voltage transients. They work by providing an electrical path for the transient energy to be safely dissipated.

GDTs can be used in a variety of applications including telecommunications, power supplies, computers, and industrial equipment. In the communications field, GDTs are used to protect equipment from electrical disturbances due to lightning strikes and electromagnetic interference.

In order to understand how GDTs work, it is important to understand the different types of arrester designs. GDTs can be either single or double tube designs. In a single tube design, a single gas discharge tube is used, which is filled with a gas discharge gas such as Nitrogen, Argon, or Helium. The tube is then sealed with a glass capsule that contains two electrodes. These electrodes are usually made of copper or stainless steel.

The double tube design uses two glass capsules that are filled with different gases, such as Oxygen and Argon. The electrodes are also separated, so that when a high voltage transient occurs, the energy is dissipated through the two gas-filled tubes.

In either design, the GDT will absorb the energy and convert it into heat energy, which is dissipated into the atmosphere. This prevents the transient energy from damaging any equipment connected to the circuit.

In addition to protecting equipment from transient energy, GDTs are also used in power supplies as safety devices. When a power supply is connected to an AC power line, the GDT will absorb any sudden overvoltage and divert it to ground. This prevents damage to the power supply and keeps it operating safely.

In many applications, GDTs are also used to reduce the electrical noise on the line. This noise can cause interference with communications and can be detrimental to the operation of electronics equipment. By absorbing this noise, GDTs improve the quality of the signal and reduce interference.

GDTs are an important part of any electrical system, as they provide protection from both low and high voltage transients. Their combination of design and materials makes them effective and reliable components for electrical system protection.

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