BBR

BBR, also known as Bottleneck Bandwidth and Round-trip time, is a congestion control protocol developed to improve the performance of Internet Protocol networks. It targets on maximizing the throughput based on the available bandwidth and latency. The application field of BBR covers any network environment that can improve its performance by minimizing the constraints on transmission and the latency of response.

The core working principle of BBR is to measure the network characteristics on the fly and automatically adjust the transmit rate of each packet. This means that instead of getting an estimate of the bandwidth of the network before transmitting data, BBR collects real-time information of the bandwidth. And using that data, it sets the appropriate transmission rate for each packet sent. This technique increases the performance of the network by making the most of all available bandwidth.

Besides collecting the necessary information, BBR uses three different strategies to minimize the effects of congestion and maximize throughput; regulating the rate at which packets are sent, controlling the amount of data on the wire, and using the Round-Trip Time (RTT) to predict how long a packet has to wait before being sent out. The first two strategies are based on the idea of getting the most out of the available bandwidth while the last one adjusts how quickly the rate of transmission is adjusted.

The regulating rate of transmission is done by measuring the available bandwidth and adjusting the rate at which it sends out packets accordingly. In order to ensure that not too much data is sent, congestion control mechanisms are used. This is done by measuring the amount of data present on the wire at any given time. If the network is congested, BBR will reduce the rate at which packets are sent out, resulting in improved performance.

Lastly, BBR uses the Round-Trip Time (RTT) to predict how long a packet has to wait before being sent out. It measures the RTT between two computers to determine how quickly it needs to adjust its transmission rates. This strategy ensures that the transmission rate is kept at an optimal level and that any packets sent out still meet minimum transmission speed requirements.

In conclusion, BBR is a congestion control protocol designed to maximize network performance by minimizing constraints on transmission and the latency of responses. It uses techniques to collect real-time information about the available bandwidth, regulate the rate at which packets are sent, control the amount of data on the wire, and use Round-Trip Time (RTT) to predict how long a packet has to wait before being sent out. With these strategies, BBR is able to provide maximum network performance.