GDM

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GDM (Gas Discharge tube) is one of the most commonly used RF accessories, used in a wide range of applications, including in the broadcasting, telecommunications, and industrial industries. The main purpose of a GDM is to provide protection from electrical surges, lightning, and radio interference.

A GDM is made up of two electrodes, a cathode and an anode, separated by a dielectric material. The dielectric material used is usually glass, but other materials such as ceramic may also be used. When a voltage difference is applied between the electrodes, the air inside the tube becomes ionized and a conductive path is formed, allowing the charge to flow through the tube.

The working principle of a GDM is based on the Townsend breakdown mechanism. When a voltage difference is applied between the electrodes, a faint electric current starts to flow across the dielectric. At some point, the electric field strength, which is directly proportional to the voltage applied, becomes high enough to break down the dielectric and a strong current starts to flow across the tube. The ratio of the voltage applied to the current flowing across the tube is known as the breakdown voltage or the surge voltage.

In addition to offering protection from electrical surges, GDM is also used to suppress radio frequency interference (RFI). By inserting a GDM between the antenna and the receiver, any RF radiation present is shunted to ground and does not enter the receiver. This offers a low loss and efficient way to reduce RFI noise.

In broadcasting, GDM are used to protect equipment from lightning strikes; however, they can also be used to filter interference and reduce noise. In telecommunications, GDMs are used for filtering unwanted signals from entering the system or interfering with the normal operation.

In industrial applications, GDM are used to protect sensitive electronic circuits and equipment from electrical surges, lightning strikes, and high-voltage switching transients. They are also used as dampeners for overvoltage protection to eliminate voltage fluctuations in control and power circuits.

Overall, GDM is a versatile RF accessory with a range of applications, from broadcast to industrial. With its low cost and high efficiency, it is an essential component for any RF system.

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