HMC651

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Attenuators are electronic components manufactured to reduce the amplitude of a signal or power without distortion. This is achieved by converting some of the input energy into another form of energy such as heat. The most common type of attenuator is the voltage attenuator, which reduces the voltage of the input signal. Another type of attenuator is the power attenuator, which reduces the power of the input signal.

The HMC651 is an attenuator integrated circuit designed and manufactured by Analog Devices. The HMC651 is a family of single-pole, single-throw (SPST) PIN, monolithic, GaAs MMIC variable attenuator ICs, operating in the frequency range of 0.9 to 18 GHz. It has a control voltage range of 0 to 2.5 V and a control current range of 0 to 1.5 mA. The HMC651 provides excellent picture quality of both analog and digital RF signals, making it ideal for applications such as satellite signal distribution, cable television CATV, direct broadcast DBS, broadband amplifier communications systems and other test and measurement applications.

The HMC651 offers a variety of performance features such as low insertion loss, low SWR, high linearity and fast switching speeds. It also features on-chip adjustment capability to reduce the insertion loss. The HMC651 is packaged in a 1.7 mm x 2.2 mm x 0.5 mm plastic leadless surface mount package or a 6 Lead SC70-6 package. The device is designed to operate in temperatures ranging from -40°C to +85°C.

The working principle of the HMC651 is that the input signal is applied between the RF in and the RF out ports. The DC control voltage is applied to the control voltage port and the ground connection is made to the ground terminal. The internal circuitry of the HMC651 converts the applied control voltage into a control current and provides an attenuation coefficient in the following manner: the DC control current applied to the control circuit adjusts the voltage across the PIN diode causing a change in its DC bias voltage. The DC current also adjusts the attenuation impedance of the PIN diode output circuit which determines the attenuation coefficient.

In addition to its wide-ranging application field, the HMC651 attenuator integrated circuit is easy to use and provides a cost-effective solution for RF and microwave signal attenuation. It can be used in a variety of applications, such as CATV distribution systems, cellular base stations, mobile phone repeaters, satellite signal distribution systems, digital television systems and other test and measurement applications.

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