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Thyristors are power electronic devices which are used for switching and protecting high power circuits. TRIACs (Triode Alternating Current Switch) are a type of thyristor designed to control alternating current in AC circuits. They consist of three terminals, an anode, a cathode, and a gate terminal. In this article, we will explore the applications and working principles of TRIACs.

Applications of TRIACs

TRIACs are widely used as switches in AC circuits due to their ability to control high power loads. They are commonly used in power supplies, motor drives, consumer electronics, lighting circuit, and home appliances. TRIACs are also used in circuits to control the speed of motors and for controlling the temperature of circuits. TRIACs are also used for noise reduction and for preventing the current fluctuation in DC circuits. Additionally, TRIACs are used to improve the accuracy of temperature control systems.

Working Principle of TRIACs

The main working principle of TRIACs is to control the flow of current in both directions of an AC circuit. The principle is based on the operation of a thyristor which is a combination of two reverse biased PNPN diodes. The operation of a TRIAC can be divided into two modes i.e. forward conduction and reverse conduction.

In forward conduction, when a positive voltage is applied to the gate terminal, the gate junction is forward-biased. This creates a conducting channel between the anode and the gate as well as between the gate and the cathode. Thus, current flows in both directions through the TRIAC and it is said to be in the ‘on’ state.

In reverse conduction, when a negative voltage is applied to the gate terminal, the gate junction is forward-biased. This creates a conducting channel between the gate and the anode as well as between the gate and the cathode. Thus, current flows in both directions through the TRIAC and it is said to be in the ‘off’ state.

TRIACs can be used to control both AC and DC circuits. In DC circuits, TRIACs are used to control the current and voltage levels. In AC circuits, TRIACs are used to control the direction of current and to switch on/off the flow of current. They are also used to control the speed of motors.

TRIACs are important components in many power electronic circuits. They are used to control the flow of current in AC circuits and can be used to switch high power loads. Additionally, they can be used to control the speed of motors and for controlling the temperature of circuits.

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