MCP4251-104E/SL

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Digital potentiometers (DPTs) are widely used for data acquisition and control. Digital Potentiometers are devices that convert digital signals into analog signals. The MCP4251-104E/SL is an I2C, SPI-compatible digital potentiometer from Microchip Technology. It is a dual digital potentiometer with a 64-position, 10kΩ resolution. The device can be used for multiple applications including variable gain control, programmable gain control, sensor calibration, advanced touch sensing, digital volume controll and audio equalization.

The MCP4251-104E/SL consists of two linear analog potentiometers, each with a nominal resistance value of 10kΩ. Each potentiometer is digitally programmable to 64 selectable resistance values, which provides a resolution of 10kΩ/64, or 156.25Ω/step. It operates using common I2C and SPI serial interfaces, and it has a built-in EEPROM for nonvolatile storage of the wiper setting. The device also has an optional low-noise series resistor between the wiper and the ground. The optional series resistor increases the mechanical resolution while suppressing the switching noise.

The working principle behind the digital potentiometer is relatively simple. At its core, the digital potentiometer is essentially a resistor network consisting of two resistors, R1 and R2, connected in series. A wiper is placed between the two resistors and can be moved to increase or decrease the resistance between the two terminals. Computer control signals can be used to move the wiper to one of several discrete positions in the resistor network, which means that the resistance at the output terminal can be programmed accurately.

The MCP4251-104E/SL is used in many applications that require linear analog signals, such as sensor calibration and advanced touch sensing. The device has an operating temperature range of -40°C to +125°C and is available in space-saving 8-pin SOIC and 10-pin MSOP packages. It also has an OTP variant that can be configured with a locking system for applications that require high security. The device’s programmable wiper resistance provides precision control, making it suitable for a variety of data acquisition and control applications in multiple industries.

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