PIC16LC558T-04I/SO

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The PIC16LC558T-04I chip is a low-end 8-bit microcontroller manufactured by Microchip Technology, Inc. It is commonly used in embedded projects due to its relatively low cost and simplicity to program. This article will discuss the application field and working principle of the PIC16LC558T-04I microcontroller.

Application Field of PIC16LC558T-04I

The PIC16LC558T-04I is mainly used for embedded projects due to its relatively low cost and ease of programming. It typically does not have the same performance specification as more expensive chips, but is usually sufficient for simpler applications. It therefore finds applications in items such as car alarms, pedestrian crossing signs, automatic lighting systems, motor control systems, medical instruments, robotics and other countless low-cost electronics.

Working Principle of PIC16LC558T-04I

The PIC16LC558T-04I is an 8-bit microcontroller that uses the Harvard architecture. It is based on a 16 bit instruction set, meaning two instruction words are required to complete an instruction. The instruction set consists of 32 instructions grouped into 7 categories: Arithmetic and Logic, Data Move, Program Flow, Serial Communication, Timers, Interrupts and Parallel I/O. It has 16 registers which are 8 bits wide. It can address up to 2048 bytes of program memory and 2048 bytes of data memory. It has 3½K bytes of EEPROM and 1024 bytes of RAM.

The PIC16LC558T-04I has five types of RAM memory: data memory, program memory, EEPROM, vector table and stack buffer. Data memory is used for program variables, working registers, and status bytes. Program memory is used for storing the program code. EEPROM is used for data that needs to be retained even when the power is off. Vector table is used for storing interrupt vectors. The stack buffer is used for storing return addresses when subroutines are called.

The chip has two types of internal clocks: a 4MHz oscillator and a microcontroller unit (MCU) frequency clock. The clock frequency determines how fast the microcontroller works. Its clock speed is typically chosen depending on the application and the necessary speed. The frequency can be adjusted by the microcontroller itself. The maximum frequency of the chip is 16MHz. It has a sleep mode which can reduce the power consumption of the chip to almost nothing.

The PIC16LC558T-04I has up to five external interrupt sources, two 16 bit timers and one 8 bit timer. The interrupt sources are made up of a Reset, an RB0/INT external interrupts, a change of the Comparator voltage, an A/D conversion interrupt and an RTCC (Real-Time Clock Counter). The timers can be used for implementing various timing functions such as creating delays, counting up and down, basic timing signals and generating interrupts.

The microcontroller has multiple I/O ports. It has up to 20 pins that can be used as input, output or analog inputs. It also has two SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) ports and one USART port. These can be used to communicate with external devices. The microcontroller can be programmed using the Microchip MPASM Assembler or other appropriate software.

Conclusion

The PIC16LC558T-04I is an 8-bit microcontroller with a 16 bit instruction set and 16 registers. It has 2048 bytes of data memory, 2048 bytes or program memory, 3½K bytes of EEPROM and 1024 bytes of RAM memory. It has five types of RAM memory and a sleep mode for reducing power consumption. It has multiple sources for interrupts and three timers for implementing timing-related functions. It can be programmed using the Microchip MPASM Assembler or other suitable software. Its application field includes car alarms, pedestrian crossing signs, automatic lighting systems, motor control systems, medical instruments, robotics and other countless low-cost electronic items.

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