SG90 Circuit Protection

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Gas discharge tube (GDT) arresters, also known as spark gaps, are electrical devices commonly used in lightning protection and power distribution systems, and they are designed to protect electronic and electrical equipment from transient overvoltage, like those caused by lightning strikes and electromagnetic pulses.

GDT arresters use an electronic component known as the spark gap, which contains an ignitable gas inside, most commonly sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). Under normal circumstances, current will not flow through the spark gap but when a sudden surge of electricity from an outside source causes an electric field to build up inside the tube, the spark gap ignites, allowing current to flow through it. This process creates a spark that dissipates the surge of electricity and protects the equipment.

GDT arresters come in a variety of shapes and sizes, but their primary function is the same: to provide protection from transient overvoltage. The most common type of GDT arresters are Saturated Gas Thyrister (SG90) arresters, which are widely used in lightning protection and power distribution systems. The SG90 consists of a two-wire solid dielectric tube filled with SF6 gas and capped on each end with an electrode and a needle valve. When a surge of electricity passes through the tube, the needle valve opens, allowing the SF6 gas to ignite and dissipate the surge. This type of arrestor is typically rated for currents up to 3 kA.

SG90 arresters are used in a variety of applications, from safeguarding sensitive electronic systems to providing protection for power distribution equipment and more. In addition to their primary function of dissipating transient overvoltage, they are also used to provide insulation and spark-over protection. Since they are designed to dissipate electrical surges, SG90s are particularly useful in areas with frequent lightning storms or frequent power outages.

The working principle of the SG90 arrester is quite simple. When a surge of electricity passes through the tube, the needle valve opens, allowing the SF6 gas inside the tube to ignite and release the excess voltage, thus protecting the equipment. Additionally, SG90 arresters also provide insulation between high-voltage and low-voltage lines, thus preventing the potential of an electrical shock. While SG90s are designed to dissipate electrical surges, they can also be used to reduce the impact of harmonic distortion from electrical machinery and motors.

In general, SG90 arresters provide an effective and reliable means of protection from transient overvoltage. They are relatively easy to install and maintain and have proven to be reliable and cost-effective in the majority of applications. SG90s are also able to operate in a wide range of temperatures and conditions, making them suitable for use in a wide variety of locations and applications.

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