T050017

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Part Status:	Active
Lead Free Status / RoHS Status:	--
Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL):	--

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Gas Discharge Tube Arresters (GDT)

Gas Discharge Tube (GDT) arresters are one of the key components of electrical substations and equipment used to protect against electrical surges and transient voltages. They are used in power systems in order to limit the flow of electrical current during lightning storms and other extreme weather events. This paper will discuss the applications and working principle of GDT arresters.

Applications

GDTs are used in three key areas within the electric power industry: communication, protection and transmission. In communications, GDTs are used to protect communications lines used by businesses, homes, and hospitals. In protection, GDTs are used in power grids to limit the flow of current in high-voltage systems such as long-distance power lines and substations during a lightning storm. In transmission, GDTs are used to isolate ruptured lines or to safely connect new lines to an existing grid. Additionally, GDTs are used to protect other sensitive electronic equipment such as computers and audio equipment from power surges. This type of application is especially important for safety sensitive equipment such as medical monitors.

Working Principle

GDTs are triggered by an increase in voltage, commonly from a lightning strike, which causes a large current to flow through the GDT. This current heats up the gas contained in the tube, causing it to ionize, and forming a conductive channel. The spark generated across this spark gap provides an avenue for the excess current to flow, thereby limiting the amount of voltage that can pass through the system. This reduces the amount of damage that can occur during a lightning strike or other power surge. Once the voltage surge has passed, the gas inside the GDT cools and the spark gap is extinguished, restoring the tube to its normal operation mode. The design of the GDT ensures high voltage resistance before the arrester is triggered, and very low resistance after it has been triggered. This makes GDTs both effective and long-lasting components.

Conclusion

Gas Discharge Tube arresters are an effective way of protecting against electrical surges and transient voltages. They are used in a variety of applications within the electric power industry, such as protection of communications lines, protection of power grids, transmission line isolation, and protection of other sensitive electronic equipment. GDTs are triggered by an increase in voltage, which causes a large current to flow through the tube. This current ionizes the gas, which forms a conductive spark gap, allowing the excess current to flow, thereby limiting the amount of voltage that can pass through the system. This helps to reduce the amount of damage that can occur during a power surge.

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