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Thyristors - SCRs

T700063004BY Application Field and Working Principle

Thyristors are solid state semiconductor devices with three or four terminals. Among these components, the most commonly used thyristor is the Silicon-Controlled Rectifier (SCR). It is constructed from four layers of N or P type silicon to form one type of pnpn or np-n device.

SCRs are used in various applications that require fast switching, and they are most often used as electric current control devices, such as in electric motors, air conditioners, electric heaters and other home appliances. They can also be used in automated control applications, such as for temperature control and for protection against overload current, to protect the electrical system from damage by limiting overvoltage, overcurrent or overheat.

The working principle of an SCR is based on the fact that when it is connected in an electric circuit, a current flows through it. This current is called a gate trigger current, which, when applied to the gate of the SCR, causes the SCR to turn on and start conducting an electric current. As long as there is a gate trigger current flowing, the SCR will remain in the on state and continue to conduct electric current. But when the gate trigger current is removed, the SCR will turn off and no longer conduct electric current.

The gate trigger current is usually provided by a voltage or current source, or by an external control system, that is used to control the on and off times of the SCR. When the SCR turns on, its load current passes through it and then to the load, allowing the load to operate.

A major advantage of SCRs is that they can switch large currents with very low losses. Additionally, they are rugged, have low off-state leakage current, require minimal on-state voltage drop and have very low noise levels.

The main applications of SCRs include electric motor control, AC power control, switching of high-current loads, for overload protection and for automated control applications.

In conclusion, SCRs are versatile devices that can be used in a variety of applications where precise control of electrical current is required. Their main advantage is their ability to switch large currents with very low losses, making them an ideal choice for industrial and commercial applications.

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