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Crystals: Application Field and Working Principle

Crystals form one of the essential topics of physics, mainly concerning its application in the field of electronics. Over a period of time, their various uses has evolved and increased tremendously due to the advancement of technology. This article sheds light on the various application fields of crystals and the working principle behind them.

Applications of Crystals

Crystals can be mainly used in two broad application fields, namely - electronics and communication. In electronics, they are mainly utilized to construct oscillators, frequency selective circuits, filters and even radio receivers, transistors, etc. Oscillators are used to generate signals with specific frequency, thus allowing for frequencies to be tuned exactly. Frequency selective circuits are used to filter out the undesirable high and low frequencies for audio systems. Radio receivers and transistors use crystals to block unwanted signals from reaching the antenna. Crystals are primarily employed in communication because of their superior low-noise capabilities and accuracy in terms of generation of frequencies. These are utilised in radiotelephones and other wireless devices. In addition, they are also found as essential components in reliable digital systems such as computers.

Workings of Crystals

Crystals are primarily composed of semiconductors, made up of small particles of material such as silicon. These particles have a unique property in which the electrons are loosely bound to the atoms, and hence they are able to drift freely around the crystal at a low energy level. In its pure form, silicon is fed with energy in form of electric current, inducing a voltage across the crystal. This voltage causes the electrons to move, forming a (negative) electric current. The current in turn causes the particles of the silicon to vibrate, producing an acoustic signal (sound) which is propagated throughout the crystal. This signal is usually in the range of kilohertz, and generates specific frequency which is utilised in various applications.

Conclusion

This article has endeavored to provide a brief overview of the crystal\'s application field and the working principle behind them. Crystals are primarily used in the fields of electronics and communication, while they are mainly composed of silicon particles that amplify electric charge and convert it into signals of specific frequencies. It is undeniable that they form one of the essential building blocks of electronics and communication.

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