1N4725

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Diodes are electronic components which allow current to flow in only one direction. In particular, a rectifier diode is a two-terminal device which provides rectification at its output. Single rectifier diodes are typically used to convert alternating current (AC) electricity into direct-current (DC) electricity, and it is this last advanced application field that makes them especially desirable components. 1N4725 (marketed by Motorola) is one of the most common single rectifiers used in practical applications. This article will begin by describing the application field of the 1N4725, followed by an explanation of its working principle.

Application Field

As a single rectifier diode, 1N4725 is used to convert alternating current (AC) electricity into direct-current (DC) electricity. It is not always desirable to switch between AC and DC power in a circuit, but in certain cases it is necessary. Such processes are referred to as power rectification, and diodes are the components suitable for the task. The AC electricity first enters the diode, and depending on the half cycle of the supply, either the anode or cathode will be the \'positive\' terminal. This rectified signal is then sent out of the diode as DC electricity on the remaining half cycle.

There are several types of single rectifier diodes on the market, and each will have varying characteristics. This means that it is important to properly select the correct type of diode for the power supply you are trying to rectify. The 1N4725 is a silicon rectifier which offers good performance in most cases, while also being relatively inexpensive. It is typically used in lower power-demand applications such as in audio-tone circuits.

Working Principle

As mentioned previously, the 1N4725 is a two-terminal device which offers rectification. The purpose of the diode is to allow current to pass in only one direction. So, the current which enters the anode will pass through the rectifier and out of the cathode, while the current which enters the cathode will be blocked from passing through the diode. In this way, the alternating current signal is rectified, becoming direct-current.

The diode also has polarity, which means that the anode and cathode are always marked correctly. When the voltage of the anode is positive with respect to the cathode, the diode will be said to be in the forward-biased state. This will ensure that the current is able to pass through the diode. However, if the voltage of the anode is negative with respect to the cathode, the diode will be said to be in the reverse-biased state, in which case the current will not be able to pass through the diode.

The reverse-biased state of the diode is also important to consider. The reverse-bias voltage at which the diode begins to pass a significant current is known as the breakdown voltage (BV). In the case of the 1N4725, the BV is specified at 25V, meaning that the diode can handle up to 20V of reverse-biased voltage.

Typically, the forward voltage drop of the diode is also an important consideration. This is because the diode must have enough forward voltage dropped across it in order to ensure rectification. The forward voltage drop across the 1N4725 can be as low as 200mV, ensuring that a considerable amount of current can be passed through the diode. The maximum forward current of the diode is 1A, making it suitable for many low-power applications.

In conclusion, the 1N4725 is a single, rectifier diode which can be used to convert AC electricity into DC electricity. It offers good performance, while also being relatively inexpensive. The diode has a BV of 25V, with a maximum forward current of 1A and forward voltage drop of 200mV. These characteristics make the 1N4725 well-suited for use in audio-tone circuits and other lower power-demand applications.

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