2B4UM

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2B4UM (Two-Bits-Four-Unit Mapping) is a recent innovative microarchitectural technique developed by researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur for efficient utilization of the instruction cache of a multi-processor server. In theory, the technique is capable of providing up to 4x higher performance in sustained workloads while consuming drastically lower energy compared to the conventional architecture.2B4UM is a microarchitecture technique that seeks to improve the efficiency of the server’s instruction cache by utilizing a hierarchical mapping technique. This is done by splitting the instruction cache into two-bits-wide units, each called a 4-unit mapping (4UM). A 4UM is composed of four parts, each of which is responsible for caching a particular instruction type. The four parts are the Instruction Map (IM), Instruction Data (ID), Instruction Length (IL) and Instruction List (IL). By mapping instructions into the separate parts of the 4UM, the technique can provide a more efficient usage of the instruction cache and improve overall performance.In addition to the hierarchical mapping technique, 2B4UM also uses a number of other optimizations. These include a hardware prefetching algorithm, which prefetches instructions from the main memory before they are needed for execution. This reduces the need for additional memory accesses and consequently improves the server’s performance. Another optimization is an instruction replication technique, which replicates frequently used instructions across all the instruction caches in the system, thus reducing access latency.In addition to the microarchitectural techniques, 2B4UM also provides software support for efficient cache management. This includes a number of novel scheduling algorithms, which are used to envisage the memory access patterns of the program and schedule accordingly. Moreover, 2B4UM provides support for software managed caches, which enables the programmer to dictate the caching scheme of their program.With its innovative microarchitecture techniques and software support, 2B4UM has gained a lot of attention in the field of high-performance computing. It has been designed to scale with the increasing number of cores in modern servers and the ever-increasing demands of workloads. With its efficient instruction cache management, 2B4UM has been demonstrated to provide up to 4x higher performance compared to conventional server architectures, with significantly lower energy consumption.2B4UM is set to revolutionize the way servers are designed and operated. By taking advantage of its innovative microarchitectural techniques and software support, organizations can expect to increase their server’s performance while also drastically reducing their energy consumption. As such, 2B4UM is set to be a major force in the future of server architecture.

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