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Embedded - System On Chip (SoC)

The embedded system on chip (SoC) is one of the most important and ubiquitous platforms for embedded systems technologies. The SoC is a single-chip microprocessor that contains most, if not all, of the components necessary for a complete embedded system. This allows for a greater level of integration, as well as increased performance for the overall system.

The components of an SoC generally include a microprocessor core, various memory elements, an input/output (I/O) subsystem, and possibly analog components if the application requires. The core of the SoC is the microprocessor or microcontroller. This is a processor designed for embedded applications and contains all the instructions necessary for the overall system to function. It also has various features, such as interrupts and timers, which allow for greater control on how the system functions.

The memory components of an SoC vary, depending on the application. Different types of memory can be used, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), and Flash. These memories are used to store data and instructions that are necessary for the system to operate. Finally, an I/O subsystem allows the system to interact with external components. This could be display and input components like keypads or display screens, or it could be communication ports like USB or Ethernet. This allows the SoC to connect to peripherals and exchange data.

An SoC also includes support elements such as clocking and power management. The clock is used to ensure that all components of the system are synchronised correctly and that data is being handled correctly. Power management components ensure that the system does not draw too much power or require too large a voltage for a given application.

SoCs are used in a wide variety of applications ranging from mobile phones and medical devices, to industrial and automotive systems. The SoC provides an integrated platform that is more reliable, easier to design, and more cost-effective than having individual components on multiple chips. This makes the SoC one of the most commonly used platforms for embedded systems.

In summary, the SoC is a single-chip microprocessor that contains components necessary for a complete embedded system. It contains a microprocessor, various memory components, an I/O subsystem, and support elements. These components allow for increased integration and performance for the overall system. SoCs are used in many different applications and provide an integrated platform that is reliable, easy to design, and cost-effective.

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