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Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are widely used metal-oxide film capacitors. This article will discuss their application field and working principle.

Aluminum electrolyte capacitors are non-polar capacitors primarily used for filtering signals in DC. They have several advantages over other varieties, such as low cost and high reliability, which makes them the ideal choice for many applications. The current application fields for aluminum electrolytic capacitors include audio-visual equipment, switches and sensors, industrial automation, medical equipment, automotive devices, watches and clocks, wireless communication equipment, and test equipment.

The core of the capacitor is an electrolyte, an electrical conductor, and two opposing surfaces (electrodes). There are two main types of electrolytes, with the most common being anhydrous aluminum oxide (AAO) and gel-type. Each type is further divided into types depending on the dielectric, construction, and other characteristics.

The working principle of aluminum electrolytic capacitors is based on the formation of an electrical double layer at the interface of the electrolyte and the two electrodes. This layer increases the capacitance between the electrodes, creating a very high capacitance-voltage characteristic. As the reverse voltage between the two surfaces increases, the capacitance decreases. Because of this, the voltage at which the capacitance is highest is called the “working voltage” of the capacitor.

In addition to the two electrodes and electrolyte, aluminum electrolytic capacitors also require a spacer. The spacer is an insulating material used to separate the two electrodes, and it is essential for preventing leakage current.

In conclusion, aluminum electrolytic capacitors are widely used in various fields and offer great reliability and cost-effectiveness. Their use is based on the formation of an electrical double layer at the interface of the electrolyte and the two electrodes, which in turn creates a high capacitance-voltage characteristic. They also require a spacer material to prevent leakage current.