7234 Optoelectronics

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Lamps generally utilized in many applications come in two main types; incandescents and neons. Both provide light; however, they operate in different ways and thus produce a different quality of light. Incandescents are more common and have a wide range of applications, while neon lamps are used for more specialized applications.

An incandescent lamp is a light source that produces light by passing electricity through a heated filament. Electricity is conducted through a thin tungsten wire, heated to incandescence (or white-hot) temperatures by the passage of current. The heat from the resistance converts a small, but significant, average portion of the power input to visible light energy. The tungsten filament does not last forever; with the combination of current, heat and time, the filament will eventually burn out and fail. Incandescent lamps come in a variety of sizes, shapes and wattages, depending on their application. Typical uses for this type of lamp include residential lighting, floodlights, automotive lighting, ceiling fixtures, spotlights, medical lighting, and a variety of other industrial applications.

In contrast, a neon lamp is a gas discharge lamp that produces light through a glow discharge of a gas mixture. The gas mixture is comprised of argon and either neon or mercury. In a neon lamp, electricity flows through the mixture of gas, exciting it and producing a bright color emission. Since the gas operates at an extremely low temperature, very little energy is converted to heat energy, thus the majority of energy is visible light. Neon lamps generate a different color light than incandescent lamps, making them desirable for certain specialized applications, such as accent lighting and signage. These lamps are also used in strobe lights.

Comparing incandescent versus neon lamps, the primary difference is in how the lamps work and the quality of light they produce. Incandescents generate light by passing electricity through a filament, which produces a warm yellow light. In contrast, neons utilize the glow discharge of a gas mixture to produce a bright, vivid colored light. While incandescents are available in a variety of wattages, shapes and sizes, neon lights come in a limited variety of colors and have certain requirements for operation.

In summary, both incandescents and neons are used in a variety of applications, however, they work differently and produce a different quality of light. Incandescents are more widely used and available in a variety of wattages, sizes and shapes, whereas neons produce a bright colored light and are more specialized in application. Understanding the operating principles of both of these light sources will enable efficient selection of the proper lamp for each application.

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