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Snap Action, Limit Switches: Application Field and Working Principle

Snap action switches, also referred to as limit switches, are used for a variety of applications. The term “snap-action” refers to the quick response that the switch makes when contact is made. This type of switch is comprised of two internal metal contacts. When the two contacts make contact, the switch “snaps” back to the starting position, triggering a desired action or effect.

Applications

This type of switch is used in a wide range of applications, including industrial pumps and fans, which require quick response to change direction or action. It can also be found in electronically controlled systems, including ATMs, security doors, traffic signals, and appliances. These switches are often used in place of more costly electrical sensors. Snap-action switches can also be used for abstract purposes, such as sending a signal when a door opens.

Types

Snap-action switches come in a variety of types, depending on their design. The three most common types are momentary, maintained, and spring-return. Momentary switches open and close rapidly with a brief tap. Maintained switches remain in the same position until reset with a brief tap, at which point they will resume their original position. Spring-return switches, which are usually linear, return to their original position when contact is released.

Working Principle

A snap-action switch works by sensing a change in pressure or vacuum and then responding to the resulting change in mechanical energy. This mechanical energy causes one of the two internal contacts to move, allowing an electrical current to flow. The amount of current depends on the switch design — some are designed to flow in one direction, while others will flow in both directions. Depending on the application, the electrical current can be interrupted or reversed.

Conclusion

Snap-action switches are found in a wide variety of applications, including industrial pumps and fans, security doors, and traffic signals. They are also used to send signals when doors open or close. The switch is comprised of two internal metal contacts that make contact when the switch “snaps” back to its original position. These switches come in several types, including momentary, maintained, and spring return. The working principle of the switch involves sensing a change in pressure or vacuum and then responding to the resulting change in mechanical energy.

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