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Academic application field and working principle are two different elements of embedded systems. In this article, we shall explore the Student Evaluation Boards (SEBs), which are popular tools for embedded systems development. Furthermore, we will touch upon the major application fields of these boards and the underlying principles of their operation.

SEBs are generic edge-to-edge electronics development boards which emulate hardware and allow for the running of MCU, DSP, and other embedded system applications. These boards are available from many manufacturers and often in various sizes.

For starters, SEBs are used for the design of computer architecture, such as microprocessors, DSPs, and FPGAs. Examples of applications include computer-aided design (CAD), embedded applications, networking, distributed computing, and robotics. SEBs are also used for the development of real-time operating systems (RTOS) and digital signal processing (DSP) systems. Besides being used in classrooms and laboratories, SEBs can also be used in other industries, such as aerospace, industrial automation, and transportation.

In SEBs, a processor determines the tasks to be performed, while other subsystems, such as RAM, ROM, I/O ports, and A/D and D/A converters, are used to provide the necessary functions and data. At the hardware level, these subsystems usually come together in one "mother board" that contains a CPU, peripherals, and other components. Depending on the application, the board can be powered by various power sources, such as 5V and 12V DC or AC.

The processor controlling the SEB can be classified into three main families—MCU, DSP, and FPGA. All three have intrinsic advantages and disadvantages. MCUs are commonly used for small-scale applications that require low-cost hardware. MCUs have an optimized instruction set, better power management, and an easier structure to program in assembly language.

DSPs are used for larger and more complex applications. DSPs offer significantly better computing power and can perform multiple operations simultaneously. They also possess higher memory capacity and are more efficient in executing complex algorithms. FPGAs, on the other hand, are used for larger projects in which flexibility is essential. FPGAs offer greater adaptation and can accommodate vast arrays of different elements. FPGAs also provide reduced development time and cost.

Whichever processor type you choose for a SEB, the board will always operate in accordance with a predefined set of rules. These rules set the framework for the board’s operation and define the data formats and addressing schemes used. The controlling processor will always use an instruction set which allows it to parse instructions from the application code and parse the data structures which accompany each instruction. This data is then processed by the processor and stored in the internal memory in order to keep the application running.

The controller of the SEB will also be responsible for the handling of interrupts from external devices. An interrupt is a signal sent from an external device or system to the processor which indicates the need of taking a certain action. The processor can then stop its current operation, save its current state, and execute the necessary instruction. The same scheme is also used for handling external requests from other components.

In order to start operating, the board first needs a set of initialization instructions called bootloader. The bootloader is responsible for loading the necessary RAM and ROM content, setting up the I/O pins, and configuring the device’s clocks. After the bootloader has been loaded, the processor can start executing instructions from the application code.

The main benefit of SEBs is that they offer a great platform for experimenting with advanced electronic systems. With a SEB, it is also easy to upgrade or modify existing systems. In addition, they are available in various sizes and speeds, which allows for the development of various types of projects. Ultimately, SEBs are a great way to quickly and easily develop embedded applications.

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