L0109DERP

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Thyristors - TRIACs are a type of semiconductor designed to switch on when a positive voltage is applied to the gate terminal. The TRIAC is actually a variation of a thyristor, joining two inverse parallel gate thyristors in one package. This feature gives it two significant advantages compared to a normal thyristor:

First, it enables both the anode and cathode to be conductive, allowing the TRIAC to be triggered independently of the polarity of the voltage applied to its gate. Second, it can be triggered by current applied at either of its main terminals. In many applications, this feature allows the resistor or capacitor required to start the thyristor to be eliminated altogether.

A common application field for TRIACs is in AC switches. TRIACs are particularly useful in this respect as they are able to switch AC power on and off, as well as control its amplitude. For example, they are able to switch lighting loads on and off from a distance using a phase control circuit.

The working principle of a TRIAC starts with the supply of a positive voltage to the gate terminal. This causes current to flow through one of the internal thyristors, creating a voltage drop across the other internal thyristor. As long as the voltage at the gate is positive, the current through the two thyristors will remain equal, keeping them in the same state.

When the voltage applied to the gate terminal exceeds a certain level, the current through the two thyristors will become unbalanced. This imbalance causes the thyristors to switch, allowing current to flow through the TRIAC. The TRIAC switches off when the voltage at the gate is reduced to a level that is below the turn-off voltage, or the current through the device is reduced to a level that is below the holding current.

In addition to its use as an AC switch, the TRIAC has several other applications. TRIACs are also commonly used in control circuitry that regulates the power delivered to a motor or other load. TRIACs can also be used in circuits to detect AC signals and in high-voltage, high-current applications.

Because of its features and versatility, the TRIAC is widely used for a range of applications. It’s low cost and reliability have made it a popular choice for power control in consumer electronics, from light dimmers to washing machines. Its ability to switch AC power has been instrumental in helping to reduce energy consumption in households and industrial settings.

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