L7805ACP

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PMIC - Voltage Regulators - Linear

An L7805ACP is a three-terminal voltage regulator, consisting of an adjustable voltage regulator, an NPN output transistor, an ESD protection diode, and an EMI filter. It is used to provide a stable voltage source for devices such as microcontrollers, digital logic, and other electronic systems. The L7805ACP is a monolithic integrated circuit (IC), which means it is composed of multiple components on a single substrate. This IC utilizes a positive voltage regulator, which means the output voltage is positive-- between 5 and 12 volts, depending on the type of the device. The output voltage is adjustable within this range by the use of an external resistor divider circuit.

Application Field

The L7805ACP is a popular voltage regulator in a variety of applications. It is often used in car radios and CD players to maintain a steady voltage, or to provide an adjustable voltage of 5 or 12V depending on the device’s needs. Other systems, such as medical instruments, industrial control systems, or scientific instrumentation where a steady voltage power supply is required, may also utilize this regulator. As the voltage regulator is adjustable, it can also be used in many situations where a specific output voltage is required. Additionally, it is often used to supply the negative voltage supply needed for the half-bridge driver circuits used to control motors or solenoids.

Working Principle

The L7805ACP is an operational amplifier (or "op-amp") combined with a voltage regulator. It consists of two transistors, a voltage regulator circuit, and an error amplifier. The output voltage is adjusted using an external resistor (R1) and potentiometer (R2). When the reversed biased diode conducts, the voltage across R2 starts to drop and the voltage regulator circuit works to maintain the output voltage at a constant level. The error amplifier compares the output voltage with a reference voltage, called the "reference voltage" (Vref), and adjust the output voltage if it is not equal to Vref. The voltage divider network consisting of R1 and R2 is used to set the Vref. The output voltage can therefore be adjusted to any value between Vref and the output voltage limit (Vmax) of the L7805ACP.

The L7805ACP also includes an ESD protection diode and an EMI filter. The diode will protect the circuit from electrostatic discharges, while the filter reduces electromagnetic interference. The filter separates high-frequency noise signals from the output voltage, reducing their effect on the circuit.

In summary, the L7805ACP is a three-terminal voltage regulator IC. It is used to provide a stable voltage source for devices such as microcontrollers, digital logic, and other electronic systems. Its adjustable output voltage range is between 5 and 12 volts, and its error amplifier and external resistor and potentiometer combination allow for precise voltage control. Additionally, it includes an ESD protection diode and an EMI filter for noise reduction. The L7805ACP is a popular voltage regulator for car radios and CD players, as well as for medical instruments, industrial control systems, and scientific instrumentation.

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