L78L24CD-TR

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L78L24CD-TR is an integrated circuit (IC) of a popular Power Management Integrated Circuit (PMIC) voltage regulator series, namely, linear voltage regulators (VRs). This device is a 3-terminal fixed output negative voltage regulator commonly used in a vast range of applications.

This three-terminal device typically features voltage input range of up to 24V, adjustable output voltage range of 2V to 24V and a fixed output voltage with 2V, 5V and 10V variants. It can handle a power dissipation of up to 1.5W and its operating junction temperature range lies between -40°C and 125°C. This IC is usually employed in power management mostly when a regulated negative output voltage is needed. It is one of the most dedicated ICs for battery systems, due to its capability to reach a minimum output voltage of -2.5V, with this range allowing for a more efficient charge and a faster discharge. Maximum input voltage tolerance of the device is up to 34V, which is greater than the voltage that the battery can feed.

This device is suitable for a wide range of applications such as for charging mobile phone battery packs, for printers, for stabilizing batteries in embedded systems and automotive electronics, for low voltage power supplies and industrial power systems. It is also used as a post regulator in linear regulators, as the output voltages of the linear regulators are usually greater than the output voltage of the power supply.

The working principle of the L78L24CD-TR is based on the control of a common emitter amplifier by using an internal voltage reference or by using an external voltage divider. This principle uses a pass transistor to limit the current of the voltage reference or the voltage divider, and thus the output voltage is maintained at the adjustable or fixed values. The current fluctuations in the pass transistor are determined by the zener diode, which is connected between the output and the input voltage. This diode acts as a resistor in which the base-emitter junction of the transistor is connected to the output, and the collector-emitter junction is connected to the input voltage.

The feedback voltage and the input voltage control the current drawn by the pass transistor. The control of this current helps to maintain a constant output voltage and current, thus providing stable output. There are also several protection features found in the device, including thermal shutdown, input under-voltage lockout, and current limiting.

In conclusion, the L78L24CD-TR offers a robust solution for linear voltage regulators and offers an adjustable or fixed output voltage range within the range of 2V to 24V. Its various protection features, plus its wide range of applications allow it to be used in various scenarios from charging mobile phones to stabilizing batteries. Its ability to reach a minimum output voltage of -2.5V allows it to be used in battery systems very efficiently. Having said so, the L78L24CD-TR is a very useful IC for those looking for an adjustable or fixed negative voltage regulating IC.

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