MAL213961109E3

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are a type of capacitor which uses an electrolyte to achieve a high level of capacitance in comparison to the device’s size. While other types of capacitor, such as ceramic, polyester or silver mica, also offer small form factors and very high capacitance values, they are limited because of a polarized nature which prevents them from being used in AC signal circuits. Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are a viable alternative in AC applications, as they are easily polarized and are able to handle a greater range of frequencies.

The MAL213961109E3 aluminum electrolytic capacitor is designed for use in switch mode power supplies and AC applications such as motor drives, lighting and solar inverters. It is a low profile capacitor with a flat cylindrical shape which allows it to be easily integrated into circuit boards. The device is rated at 40 VDC and can withstand up to 140°C of temperature. It has a volume of 114mm3 and a capacity of 220µF.

The working principle of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor is based on the fact that an aluminum metal foil is used as one electrode. The metal foil is anodic oxidized, providing a layer of oxide on its surface which is used as the dielectric. A liquid electrolyte is then added to the assembly, and it is this electrolyte which polarizes the oxide layer and allows the capacitor to store energy. The other electrode is typically a wet paper material soaked in an electrolyte. As a result, the MAL213961109E3 capacitor is able to act as an AC signal capacitor.

The structure of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor is essential for its working principle and operation. In the MAL213961109E3 capacitor, the anodic oxide layer of aluminum is formed by immersing the capacitor in a dilute acid solution. The surface of the aluminum foil is formed with many small nodules, and these are able to store charge when electrical current is applied. The electrolyte is composed of a bi-ionic system, with a protic acid such as sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid serving as one component and a hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide serving as the other. This combination helps to polarize the oxide layer and helps to form a dielectric for storing electricity.

In terms of operation, when the capacitor is connected to an AC power source, the alternating current charges the oxide layer as digital charges. This causes a buildup of charge on the two surfaces and a potential difference across the capacitor. When the voltage changes, the charge stored in the oxide layer also reverses, allowing the capacitor to act as an AC signal capacitor. As a result, the MAL213961109E3 capacitor is a great choice for use in switch mode power supplies, motor drives, lighting, and solar inverters.

In conclusion, the MAL213961109E3 aluminum electrolytic capacitor is an ideal choice for AC applications due to its ability to store and deliver high-frequency charge with minimal leakage. Its low-profile, flat cylindrical design makes it easy to integrate into circuit boards. The device’s working principle relies on the formation of an anodic oxide layer on the aluminum metal foil and the addition of a bi-ionic electrolyte which helps to polarize the layer and store electricity. As a result, the MAL213961109E3 capacitor is a great choice for use in applications such as switch mode power supplies, motor drives, lighting, and solar inverters.