MAX16838ATP/V+

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MAX16838ATP/V+ is an integrated, highly accurate linear current sink specifically designed to regulate and control the current in a variety of medium- to high-power strings of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). It is classified as a PMIC (Power Management & Integrated Circuit) ? LED Driver. It integrates an analog current control loop, two adjustable current-sense amplifiers, Linear Technology\'s proprietary Instant-PWM dimming, and low-side current regulation driving onto a single monolithic device.

The MAX16838ATP/V+ accurately limits and regulates the current from 1 mA to 40 mA in up to 16 strings of moderate (~100 mA) and high (~1 A) current LEDs. The adjustable external current-regulating device (CRS) ensures that the output voltage is high with respect to the current control voltage, which enables the user to add a power MOSFET for high-side current control. The Instant-PWM dimming circuitry minimizes the rapidly cycling peak-LED current which lengthens its life.

The working principle of MAX16838ATP/V+ is based on its self-regulating topology, in which the output current is regulated by sensing its voltage drop across the current sense resistor (CRS). It consists of two error amplifiers, one for LED current regulation and the other for LED short-circuit protection. A regulated current-sense amplifier measures the voltage drop across the CRS, compares it to the voltage set on the current-sense resistor, and provides a proportional gate drive to the integrated phase-controlled FET to regulate the LED string current.

By integrating a phase-controlled FET, the MAX16838ATP/V+ regulator offers efficient operation and is compatible with dimming control by having an analogue V_DIM pin; this pin has a range of 0~3V. The higher this voltage is, the lower the output current becomes, providing a simple PWM dimming.  There is also an overtemperature protection (OTP) that prevents excessive thermal stress. Above the threshold, the device enters a thermal shutdown state where the output current is latched off until the temperature drops below the set threshold.

In conclusion, the MAX16838ATP/V+ provides a highly accurate, self-regulating current sink for LED strings, with wide-ranging dimming control from analog signals and simple protection from overtemperature and LED short-circuits. It is often used in LED lighting applications, with its high-side current control for higher LED string efficiency and multiple LED string support for higher power applications such as automotive lighting.

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