MAX5003EEE+

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The MAX5003EEE+ is a mono-rail, single-channel, step-down switching low-side DC-to-DC controller operating from 4 V to 28 V input voltage range. This DC-to-DC converter provides up to 10 A of output current and 96% power efficiency. Its ultra-low quiescent current of 1.4 μA (at no load) is attractive for very low power applications including low power battery systems. The MAX5003EEE+ offers an integrated soft-start, open-drain over temperature alert pin, short-circuit protection, and overtemperature protection.

The MAX5003EEE+ supports both fixed frequency (FF) and cycle-by-cycle current limited (CB) modes of operation. In FF mode, the switching frequency is fixed with a choice of either 250 kHz or 500 kHz. In CB mode, the switching frequency varies with output load and current limit setting to maintain constant current output. This adaptive switching frequency further enhances power efficiency.

The MAX5003EEE+ application field and working principle feature programmable input voltage operation of 4 V to 28 V, current mode control with each switch turn-on cycle feedback, peak inductor current setting at 2x IOUT, soft-start, over temperature and short circuit protection, and open drain temperature alert pin.

The MAX5003EEE+ has an internal current sense amplifier whose output (CSPL) monitors the voltage of the inductor current. This enables the current mode control technique to be applied. The return voltage of the current sense amplifier is separated from CSPL by an offset voltage and is then compared to a reference voltage applied to the REFIN pin using an internal comparator.

The internal oscillator generates pulses that are used to convert the output of the comparator into the DC-to-DC converter’s gate signals. The gate pulses control the PMOS switch of the DC-to-DC converter and the output current is monitored by the current sense amplifier.

The pulse width of the gate signals is off-time modulated by the output voltage. The voltage of an external capacitor connected to the capacitor pin is compared to the output voltage of the DC-to-DC converter. When the output voltage reaches the preset value of the external capacitor, the pulse width modulation of the gate signals is changed and the output voltage is regulated. Additionally, the external capacitor in conjunction with an internal voltage feedback network sets the reference voltage for the return current sense amplifier.

The MAX5003EEE+ has a built-in soft start capability which limits the inrush current at PWRON. The Start delay pin provides the programmer with control over the soft-start time. The MAX5003EEE+ offers over-temperature and short circuit protection functions; the overtemperature alert pin is an open drain output to provide an alert signal when the internal temperature of the IC exceeds the preset threshold temperature.

The MAX5003EEE+ is an attractive solution for controlling high efficiency DC-to-DC converters in a variety of applications such as distributed power systems, ultra-low power battery systems, consumer electronics, and battery powered systems. It can also be used in automotive and industrial control applications.

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