MAX5908EEE+T

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MAX5908EEE+T are hot swap controllers designed to provide protection to circuits, such as those in motherboard components. This article reviews the fields of application and working principle of MAX5908EEE+T, which categorizes it as one of the PMIC – Hot Swap Controllers.

MAX5908EEE+T are typically applied in the IT, communication, computer, and consumer electronics markets, where hot-swapping or circuit protection is desired. For instance, this device is suitable for powering up, powering down, or protecting removable cards or modular systems, such as PC Cards or circuit boards, without power interruption. In addition, MAX5908EEE+T supports high-speed card insertion. They work as an advanced under-voltage monitor/sequencer with pre-programmable timing rules and a current monitor/sequencer. Hot swap controllers provide various functions such as over- and under-voltage detection, over-current monitoring, and over-temperature protection.

MAX5908EEE+T have positive and negative power-good output stages. The positive power-good output stage prevents the user from inadvertently hot-swapping the wrong voltage-powered circuit, while the negative power-good output stage provides an indication when the system is completely powered down. Field Applications include 3.3V, 5V, and 12V systems with current ranges from 0.9A to 36A.

The controller includes a charge pump that provides in-system power to the MAX5908EEE+T, allowing it to draw little or no current from the power supply. The charge pump adds efficient under-voltage detection while eliminating the need for an additional linear regulator. This feature also minimizes the hot-swap subsystem power consumption, which is essential for low-power portable systems. MAX5908EEE+T provide pre-programmable acceleration and deceleration times to ensure smooth hot-swap operation and optimize system performance.

The working principle of MAX5908EEE+T can be summarized as follows. When the voltage on the system supply rail rises above the power-up threshold, MAX5908EEE+T detects this and initiates the power-up sequence. This starts the charge pump that supplies power to the chip, so no linear regulator is needed to supply the chip. The power-up output then transitions from low to high to signal system power-good. The fault output will remain low for the duration of the power-up time and the fault flag is set if the voltage does not reach the predetermined power-up threshold before the time-out period finishes.

When the system supply rail drops below the under-voltage threshold, MAX5908EEE+T initiates the power-down sequence. The power-down output transitions from high to low to signal power-down. The charge pump will stop to minimize power consumption. The fault output will remain low for the duration of the power-down time and the fault flag is set if the voltage does not remain below the predetermined under-voltage threshold before the time-out period finishes. MAX5908EEE+T also monitor the power supply line for excess current or surge protection. A current comparison between a reference current and the signal on an external sense resistor is performed. If the external current is greater than the configured reference current (which is typically 0.9A to 36A), the fault output will signal “over-current”.

In conclusion, MAX5908EEE+T are PMIC – Hot Swap Controllers capable of providing protection to circuits, such as those in motherboard components, in such industries as IT, communication, computer, and consumer electronics markets. Their working principle includes voltage monitoring, power-up and power-down sequencing, charge pump and over-current protection.

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