MAX5932ESA+

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Power management integrated circuits, commonly known as PMICs, are integrated circuits used to manage power to multiple components in electronic systems. In the context of specific components, the MAX5932ESA+ is an PMIC controller intended to serve as a Hot Swap Controller to safely remove power from an electronic system. This application note provides an overview into the application fields and working principles of the MAX5932ESA+.

Application Fields

The MAX5932ESA+ is designed to provideHot Swap and power sequencing protection for powering up and powering down of boards across multiple power domains. It is designed to increase reliability and reduce the impact of overloads and interruptions of the AC power. In applications where load current must be limited, the MAX5932ESA+ can provide current limiting thresholds up to 22.5A with controlled voltage folding back during an overload condition. The chip can provide ultra-low quiescent current during normal operation, making it desirable for battery powered applications.

The MAX5932ESA+ is also suitable for powering up high current devices with a short current rise time and fast over-current protection. Other features of the MAX5932ESA+ includes a wide input voltage range of 2.25V-5.5V, low external component count, ESD and input transient protection, and diagnostic outputs for power good, enable, fault and over-temperature. Additionally, the part comes in a very small 16-pin VSSOP package.

The MAX5932ESA+ can be used in a variety of applications such as millimeter wave routers, scientific instruments, factory automation equipment, high reliability military and aerospace systems and industrial requirements. Where the system may encounter power surges, be operated using direct current, or the system may require a number of power domains to be individually managed, the MAX5932ESA+ is an ideal solution.

Working Principle

The MAX5932ESA+ Hot Swap controller operates by controlling the inrush current and power when inserting or removing a board powered by the PMIC. The controller monitors the voltage, current and temperature of the system during this transition to provide safe, reliable power on and power off sequences with several additional safety features. In the case of a sudden power failure, the device will latch off the MAX5932ESA+ and switch off the associated power system.

The MAX5932ESA+ employs true current-mode, peak-current-mode control, meaning that the current is limited to the maximum desired value. The device is also equipped with an adjustable current limit circuit, which includes a low-level voltage comparator that initiates an over-current shutdown state when the output current exceeds the set threshold. A soft-start circuit prevents excessive inrush current and limits AC junction temperature rise. This feature automatically reduces the current limit as the voltage increases by ramping up the output voltage.

In addition to current limiting and soft-start, the MAX5932ESA+ provides undervoltage lockout, over-temperature protection, output voltage tracking, and load fault protection with adjustable fault-enable delay. The device also has two out-of-lock indication pins, EN and EN_DONE, to indicate if the power supply is enabled and reaches the internally set voltage levels. In addition, the device also has ESD protection to prevent the device from being damaged due to the discharge of static electricity.

The MAX5932ESA+ has been designed to meet the challenging requirements of fast fault detection, reliable current limit protection, and wide-range input voltage support. The device is ideal for powering high-current systems that require robust protection and reliable fault detection.

This application note provides an overview into the application fields and working principles of the MAX5932ESA+, a PMIC Hot Swap Controller intended to serve as a Hot Swap Controller to safely remove power from an electronic system. The device provides current limiting, soft-start, undervoltage lockout, over-temperature protection, output voltage tracking, and load fault protection with adjustable fault-enable delay. The MAX5932ESA+ is suitable for a variety of applications including millimeter wave routers, scientific instruments, factory automation equipment, high reliability military and aerospace systems and industrial requirements.

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