P4SMA20C Circuit Protection

Voltage - Clamping (Max) @ Ipp:	29.09V
Supplier Device Package:	DO-214AC (SMA)
Package / Case:	DO-214AC, SMA
Mounting Type:	Surface Mount
Operating Temperature:	-65°C ~ 150°C (TJ)
Capacitance @ Frequency:	--
Applications:	General Purpose
Power Line Protection:	No
Power - Peak Pulse:	400W
Current - Peak Pulse (10/1000µs):	14.8A
Series:	P4SMA
Voltage - Breakdown (Min):	18.05V
Voltage - Reverse Standoff (Typ):	17.1V
Bidirectional Channels:	1
Type:	Zener
Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL):	--
Part Status:	Active
Lead Free Status / RoHS Status:	--
Packaging:	Tape & Reel (TR)

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P4SMA20C is a type of transient voltage suppressor (TVS). TVS diodes are electronic components used to protect a circuit from voltage surges and appear as small rectifiers in the circuit (Figure 1). The term “ transient” means that the overvoltage does not last a long time, usually less than a few microseconds.The P4SMA20C has a breakdown voltage of 20 volts. This is the level at which the current will begin to conduct and protect the circuit. When normal voltages are encountered, the P4SMA20C remains in a non-conducting state, allowing the normal signal to pass unchanged.The P4SMA20C is commonly used in protection circuits that encounter any overvoltage conditions such as overvoltage spikes caused by lightning or overvoltage from switching power supplies, or surges that originate from DC power sources.The P4SMA20C has a working principle that is based on the breakdown effect in the junction of a semiconductor. When a high voltage is applied, it causes the depletion layer in the junction to narrow, thus allowing more current to flow. This current is then “shunted" away from the circuit, protecting it from the voltage surge. In the normal operating state of the P4SMA20C, the breakdown voltage is greater than the voltage present, so no conduction occurs.The P4SMA20C is constructed from a semiconductor material such as Silicon or Germanium. A layer of metal is deposited on one side of the diode for the connection of the anode and cathode wire (Figure 2). The dielectric material is used as the dielectric layer between the two electrodes and provides insulation.The P4SMA20C must be mounted to the circuit board or a heat sink to dissipate the power, and the mounting hole should be larger than the body of the P4SMA20C. When the P4SMA20C is mounted, it should be oriented so that the flow of current from the anode to cathode will not be affected by the physical position of the P4SMA20C (Figure 3).The P4SMA20C is typically used in applications that require protection from transient overvoltages. Its 20 volt breakdown voltage ensures that the circuit remains unaffected while still protecting it from most overvoltage conditions. The P4SMA20C is also a very reliable component, with a low failure rate.In summary, the P4SMA20C is a TVS diode that is used to protect circuits from transient overvoltage conditions. It is constructed from a semiconductor material and has a breakdown voltage of 20 volts. The P4SMA20C must be mounted to a circuit board or heat sink and oriented properly to ensure that current will flow correctly. The P4SMA20C is a reliable and robust component that is commonly used in protection circuits.

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