PIC16F722A-I/SS

Program Memory Type:	FLASH
Base Part Number:	PIC16F722A
Supplier Device Package:	28-SSOP
Package / Case:	28-SSOP (0.209", 5.30mm Width)
Operating Temperature:	-40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
Oscillator Type:	Internal
Data Converters:	A/D 11x8b
Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd):	1.8 V ~ 5.5 V
RAM Size:	128 x 8
EEPROM Size:	--
Series:	PIC® XLP™ 16F
Program Memory Size:	3.5KB (2K x 14)
Number of I/O:	25
Peripherals:	Brown-out Detect/Reset, POR, PWM, WDT
Connectivity:	I²C, SPI, UART/USART
Speed:	20MHz
Core Size:	8-Bit
Core Processor:	PIC
Part Status:	Active
Packaging:	Tube

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Introduction

The PIC16F722A-I/SS microcontroller belongs to the 8-bit mid-range family of microcontrollers manufactured by Microchip Technology Inc. It comes in a 14-pin 4x4 mm, Ultra Thin quad flat package (UTQFN) and is capable of operating at temperatures ranging from -40°C to 85°C. The PIC16F722A-I/SS microcontroller has multiple uses in Embedded systems. This article focuses on the applications and working principle of the PIC16F722A-I/SS microcontroller.

Applications

The PIC16F722A-I/SS microcontroller is used in a variety of devices such as security systems, HVAC systems, medical electronics, industrial automation, and general purpose embedded applications. The most common use of the PIC16F722A-I/SS microcontroller is in security systems. The integrated hardware peripherals, such as the interrupt-on-change, brown-out detection (BOD), oscillator selection, and internal watchdog timer, ensure greater reliability of the system and are fundamental ingredients for most sophisticated security equipments. The built-in EEPROM of the PIC16F722A-I/SS allows the system to store essential parameters such as passwords, user-codes, etc. for proper system functioning.In HVAC systems, the PIC16F722A-I/SS ensures accurate monitoring, controlling and automation of air conditioning processes. It handles inputs (temperature, humidity, etc.) from sensors and compares them against the desired values to maintain the desired comfort level. The PIC16F722A-I/SS also controls actuators (fans, blowers, etc.) and can be used to integrate multiple systems.In medical electronics, the PIC16F722A-I/SS is used to control devices such as X-ray systems, CT scanners, ultrasound scanning diagnostics and remote monitoring systems. The analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) and pulse width modulation (PWM) capabilities of the PIC16F722A-I/SS make it ideal for these medical electronic systems.The PIC16F722A-I/SS is also used in industrial automation systems. The timers and interrupts of the microcontroller enable it to perform sophisticated tasks with faster processing. Its I/O ports robustness and flexibility help it to interface with external devices.

Working Principle

At the core of the PIC16F722A-I/SS microcontroller lies the PIC10 CPU core. This 8-bit RISC architecture core allows for operations at up to 32 MHz and has a single-cycle instruction set; with instructions that can execute within a single clock period. The basic building block of the PIC10 core is the 14-bit wide program memory, located at the heart of the CPU. This program memory is non-volatile and contains the instructions for the various tasks that the PIC16F722A-I/SS has to perform.Supporting the PIC10 core are the following modules: a coherent oscillator, a clocking system, a reset system, an interrupt system, a range of timers and clock sources, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a low-voltage programming (LVP) circuit, and wide variety of I/O ports. These modules are programmed to work together to produce the intended output of the PIC16F722A-I/SS microcontroller.The coherent oscillator is used to generate a steady clock frequency, which enables the microcontroller to execute its instructions in a timely manner. This clock frequency then drives the rest of the modules in the microcontroller.The clocking system is responsible for the timing of each module. It keeps track of not only the basic timing cycles, but also the various I/O operations and communication protocols that the PIC16F722A-I/SS microcontroller is responsible for. The reset system allows for the microcontroller to be reset under certain conditions. This can be either done manually or automatically, depending on the application.For handling complicated instructions, the interrupt system is used. This system allows the microcontroller to interrupt its normal functioning and switch to an alternative program when certain predetermined conditions are met. This allows for efficient execution of more complex tasks.The range of timers and clock sources available in the PIC16F722A-I/SS enable the microcontroller to accurately control its I/O operations and communication protocols.The ADC and LVP circuit allow for the PIC16F722A-I/SS to interface with external devices. The ADC allows the microcontroller to accurately convert analog signals into digital signals while the LVP enables it to program the target application with external devices.Finally, the I/O ports provide the flexibility to externally interact with other devices, as well as power sources or sensors. The I/Os are versatile and can be configured for either input or output operations.

Conclusion

The PIC16F722A-I/SS microcontroller is a versatile yet powerful microcontroller. Its application ranges from security to industrial automation and medical electronics. Its wide array of hardware peripherals, such as its integrated ADC, PWM and I/O ports, allow for the microcontroller to be tailored for specific applications. As PIC16F722A-I/SS is an 8-bit microcontroller, its performance is limited compared to its other 16/32-bit counterparts. However, its low power consumption, wide operating temperature range, and low cost makes it an excellent choice for design engineers or embedded professionals looking for an efficient yet cost-effective solution.

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