SMBJ12ATR Circuit Protection

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The SMBJ12ATR is a transient voltage suppressor diode, designed to protect electronic circuits against short durations of high voltage transients and fast electrical surges. Transient voltage suppressor diodes, or TVS for short, are discrete semiconductor devices connected in series between two electrical lines and designed to safely absorb and dissipate transient voltages.

The SMBJ12ATR is a bidirectional diode, meaning it is suitable for handling transients in both directions. It is available in a variety of circuit configurations, such as unidirectional, bidirectional, and zener, and it is typically used as a discrete component in power supply line protection. Its primary purpose is to protect sensitive circuitry from overvoltage events, such as electrical spikes or surges caused by lightning, sudden increases in load, or other electrical disturbances.

The SMBJ12ATR\'s main function is to divert transient voltage away from sensitive circuits by providing a low impedance path to ground. It is designed to quickly clamp the incoming energy in order to prevent the surge voltage from damaging the circuitry. This is accomplished via a combination of two mechanisms: parasitic diode reverse breakdown and avalanche breakdown.

The parasitic diode reverse breakdown occurs when there is a higher voltage across the diode than its breakdown voltage. This causes it to begin to conduct current suddenly, forming a low impedance path between the two electrical lines. This process is extremely fast, limiting the amount of time the devices on either side of the diode are exposed to the surge voltage. This is advantageous, as it helps protect sensitive components from damage.

The avalanche breakdown also takes place when the voltage across the diode exceeds its breakdown voltage. The avalanche effect causes the breakdown voltage of the diode to increase exponentially, which helps protect sensitive components from even higher voltages. Both of these processes help divert transient voltages and protect sensitive electronic components, but they each have their own characteristics. The parasitic diode reverse breakdown works well for smaller transients, while the avalanche clamps higher levels of voltage more quickly, allowing it to protect against larger spikes and surges.

The SMBJ12ATR has an operating voltage rating of 12V and stands-off voltage rating of 17.2V. It can act as a clamping diode for currents up to 8A, and it can withstand reverse energy up to 20A2s. It has an operating temperature range of -65 degrees C to +175 degrees C, and it is available in both surface mount and through-hole packages.

In summary, the SMBJ12ATR is a transient voltage suppressor diode designed to protect electronic circuits from short-duration high voltage spikes and fast electrical surges. It utilizes two mechanisms, parasitic diode reverse breakdown and avalanche breakdown, to quickly clamp incoming energy and divert it away from sensitive components. It is highly versatile and can be applied in a variety of configurations, such as unidirectional, bidirectional, and zener. With its wide operating voltage rating and excellent current handling capability, the SMBJ12ATR is a great choice for line protection against fast transients.

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