What are the static and dynamic characteristics of the sensor?

Last Update Time: 2020-11-21 11:08:38

      During the measurement process, the sensor must be able to sense the measured value and convert it to the corresponding electrical signal without distortion. The indicator for measuring the sensor is mainly its static and dynamic characteristics. The following describes the static and dynamic characteristics of the sensor.


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   Dynamic characteristics:

      The so-called dynamic characteristics of the sensor refer to the characteristics of the sensor's output when the input changes. In actual work, the dynamic characteristics of a sensor are often expressed by its response to certain standard input signals. This is because the response of the sensor to the standard input signal is easy to obtain experimentally, and there is a certain relationship between the response of the sensor to the standard input signal and its response to any input signal. Often, the latter can be estimated by knowing the former. The performance indicators of the main dynamic characteristics of the sensor are sometimes step-domain unit response performance indicators and frequency-domain frequency characteristics performance indicators, so its dynamic characteristics are often expressed by step response and frequency response.

      Knowing the static and dynamic characteristics of the sensor is very helpful in selecting the sensor. It can show you the various indicators of the sensor, and you can know whether it is suitable for the occasion you need by careful discrimination.


   Static characteristics:

      The static characteristic of a sensor refers to the relationship between the output and the input of a sensor with respect to a static input signal. Because the input and output are independent of time at this time, the relationship between them is that the static characteristics of the sensor can be an algebraic equation without time variables, or the input is used as the abscissa and the corresponding output is used as The characteristic curve drawn on the ordinate is described, which simply means the relationship between the output and input of the system when the input of the detection system is a constant signal that does not change with time

      The main parameters characterizing the static characteristics of the sensor are: linearity, sensitivity, hysteresis, repeatability, drift, measurement range, accuracy, resolution, threshold, stability, etc. 

      The following parameters are selected for introduction:

      Linearity: The degree to which the actual relationship curve between the sensor output and the input deviates from the fitted straight line.

      Sensitivity: Sensitivity is an important indicator of the static characteristics of the sensor. It is defined as the ratio of the increment Y of the output amount to the corresponding increment X of the input amount that caused the increment. It indicates the change in the output of the sensor caused by the change in the unit input. If the sensitivity S value is larger, the sensor is more sensitive.

      Hysteresis: The phenomenon that the input and output characteristic curves of the sensors do not coincide during the change of the input from small to large (positive stroke) and large to small (reverse stroke) is called hysteresis. In other words, for the input signals of the same size, the difference between the sensor output signals is the hysteresis.

      Drift: The drift of the sensor refers to the phenomenon that the output of the sensor changes with time when the input amount is unchanged. This is the drift.

 

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