What are the types of vibration sensors?
The vibration sensor can have the following types according to its function
Divided according to the principle of mechanical reception: relative, inertial;
Divided according to the principle of electromechanical conversion: electric, piezoelectric, eddy current, inductive, capacitive, resistive, photoelectric;
Vibration sensors are divided according to measured mechanical quantities: displacement sensors, speed sensors, acceleration sensors, force sensors, strain sensors, torsional vibration sensors, torque sensors.
The sensors in the above three classifications are compatible.
1. Relative electric sensor
Electric sensors are based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, that is, when a moving conductor cuts magnetic lines of force in a fixed magnetic field, electromotive forces are induced at both ends of the conductor, so sensors produced using this principle are called electric sensors. The relative electric sensor is a displacement sensor from the principle of mechanical reception. Since the electromagnetic induction electric law is applied in the principle of electromechanical conversion, the electromotive force generated is proportional to the measured vibration speed, so it is actually a speed sensor.
2.Eddy current sensor
An eddy current sensor is a relative non-contact sensor. It measures the vibration displacement or amplitude of an object by changing the distance between the sensor end and the measured object. Eddy current sensors have the advantages of wide frequency range (0-10 kHZ), large linear working range, high sensitivity, and non-contact measurement. They are mainly used for static displacement measurement, vibration displacement measurement, and vibration measurement of rotating shafts in rotating machinery.
3.Inductive sensors
According to the relative mechanical receiving principle of the sensor, the inductive sensor can convert the change of the measured mechanical vibration parameter into a change of the electrical parameter signal. Therefore, there are two types of inductive sensors, one is variable gap and the other is variable magnetic permeability area.
Capacitive sensors are generally divided into two types. That is, variable gap type and variable common area type. The variable gap type can measure the displacement of linear vibration. The variable area formula can measure the angular displacement of torsional vibration.
5.Inertial electric sensor
The inertial electric sensor is composed of a fixed part, a movable part, and a support spring part. In order for the sensor to work in the state of a displacement sensor, the mass of its movable part should be sufficiently large, and the stiffness of the support spring should be sufficiently small, that is, the sensor has a sufficiently low natural frequency.
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