100USC2200MEFCSN22X50

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Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are the most popular type of capacitor used today. They are constructed using two parallel plates of aluminum foil, separated by a dielectric, or insulating, material such as paper, mica, or polypropylene. Within the space between the plates, electrolyte is added. A metal tab connects the top of the capacitor to the anode of the circuit.

Applications for aluminum electrolytic capacitors range from high-power switching modes, general-purpose filtering, smoothing, or timing to low-impedance bypass capacitors. They are used in a variety of electrical and electronic circuits, including low-voltage signal conditioning circuits, automotive, audio and video equipment, and communication networks.

There are two main types of aluminum electrolytic capacitors, non-polarized and polarized. Non-polarized capacitors can be operated in either direction and are commonly used in low-voltage, low-current applications. Polarized capacitors must be installed in the circuit such that the positive terminal is connected to the most positive part of the circuit and the negative terminal is connected to the most negative part of the circuit. Polarized capacitors are used in high-voltage, high-current applications such as computer power supplies, voltage regulators, or line output circuits.

The working principle of an electrolytic capacitor is based on the Faraday law of electrochemical capacitance. This law states that when a voltage is applied across an electrolytic solution, an electric current is forced to flow through it, and in doing so, an electric charge is stored on the plates of the capacitor. This process is known as electrochemical polarization. The amount of charge stored in the capacitor is proportional to the amount of current passing through it. As the voltage increases, the current increases, and the charge stored in the capacitor is increased.

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are used in a wide range of electronic applications are widely considered to be one of the most dependable and cost effective types of capacitors available. They are able to withstand high temperatures, and provide high levels of capacitance, making them ideal for many types of power supply, signal conditioning, and timing circuits.

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