400MXG270MEFCSN30X30

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Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors: Application Field and Working Principle

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are powered by two metalized aluminum electrodes, usually in a tubular package, that contain an electrolyte, which may be solid or liquid. Since they use a layer of oxide of anodized aluminum as a dielectric, aluminum electrolytic capacitors have low leakage current and higher capacitance than polyester or ceramic capacitors. As long as the capacitance range and size permits, aluminum electrolytic capacitors are used in order to attenuate, smooth, store and release high frequency energy in power supplies. Examples of applications for aluminum electrolytic capacitors are AC/DC power supplies, frequency converters, power inverters, power factor correction equipment, and high performance switching power supplies.

In terms of size, 400MXG270MEFCSN30X30 is an example of one type of aluminum electrolytic capacitor. 400MXG270MEFCSN30X30 capacitors are high reliability capacitors that offer excellent electrical performance, such as long-term stability, elevated temperature and high-temperature reverse bias capability, and high ripple current capability. Unlike conventional aluminum electrolytic capacitors, this type of aluminum electrolytic capacitors has the advantage of a built-in safety feature to protect against catastrophic failure.

The working principle behind aluminum electrolytic capacitors is simple. When a voltage is applied across the terminals of the capacitor, electrons transferred from one metal foil to another one, thus producing a layer of electric charges in opposite polarity between the two electrodes. This electric field creates an electric field that stores energy. The capacitance of the capacitor is proportional to the area of the electrodes and inversely proportional to the distance between them. By increasing the capacitance, the higher the voltage applied, the greater the energy stored.

The current carrying capabilities of aluminum electrolytic capacitors are determined by the electrolyte, which is made up of acetic acid and additives. The electrolyte is responsible for the ionic conduction of the electric field. The amount of current that an aluminum electrolytic capacitor can handle decreases as the temperature increases, which is why these capacitors should not be used in extremely high-temperature applications.

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are widely used in industrial, consumer, medical, and automotive applications. They offer long life, high operating temperatures, low ESR, and high frequency operation. Due to their excellent electrical and thermal characteristics, aluminum electrolytic capacitors are ideal for applications with high demands on noise suppression, power protection, quick charge and discharge, or reliable operation.

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