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Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is an advanced technology used to identify the presence of subsurface objects, often with atomic precision. It employs high-frequency radio waves that are transmitted into and reflected back from the subsurface. The data can be used to develop a ‘picture’ of the structure of the subsurface. This technology is rapidly gaining prominence in many industrial and research fields, since it can provide a highly accurate and cost-effective way of obtaining information about what lies beneath the surface.GPR is a very useful tool for detecting objects such as pipes, cables, foundations, and other buried structures. The curves of the reflective signals are used to determine the subsurface material composition and depth. Furthermore, GPR is becoming increasingly important in the engineering field, for instance in the detection of buried water, sewer, communications or fuel pipelines. Additionally, it is being employed for surveying and mapping areas that have no visible surface features, or for studying stratigraphic layering or for within earth fissures, cavities or slopes.The process of GPR begins with the emission of high-frequency radio waves from an antenna located on the ground surface, or from one mounted on the end of a probe, that is set into the ground. The reflected waves are then bounced back, and the time it takes to receive the signals allows the user to determine the depth of the objects. GPR is useful for both shallow and deep investigations, depending on the available antenna and radio waves frequency that is used. High frequencies are used for shallow surveys, whereas low frequencies are better for deep penetration.The primary component of a GPR system is the receiver. It processes the information collected from each and every antennae and ensures that only the strongest, undistorted signals are received. It also makes sure that the direction and amplitude of the signal are available in real-time for direct interpretation of the data.The data is presented via a graphical display. This graphical display is commonly known as a GPR section or trace, which plots the subsurface properties in a vertical (time, phase) plane. An interpretation of a GPR trace requires an individual to differentiate between the three key classes of sub-surface features, namely reflection horizons, relic boundaries and drilling disturbances.In conclusion, GPR provides an accurate and cost-effective method of obtaining information about what lies beneath the surface. This technology has become increasingly popular in many industrial and research fields, because it yields an invaluable insight into the subsurface structure, contents and properties. GPR can be used to detect pipes, cables, foundations and other buried objects, and can even be employed for surveying and mapping areas that have no visible surface features. Lastly, the receiver is the primary component of a GPR system, and its primary function is to receive and process signals to provide the user with an accurate and useful picture of the subsurface.

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