80ZLJ390MG412.5X35

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Introduction

A 80ZLJ390MG412.5X35 aluminum electrolytic capacitor is an electronic component consisting of two aluminum foils surrounded by aluminum oxide layer between them, forming a dielectric, with the top foil acting as a cathode, the bottom foil acting as an anode, and the electrolyte absorbing excess electric charge. The dielectric and cathode plates are connected internally in parallel with one plate being positive and one plate being negative. Aluminium electrolytic capacitors have several advantages, such as high capacitance, high volaumetric efficiency, low equivalent series resistance (ESR), low leakage current, high charge/discharge rates, and low cost. In addition, they have good temperature characteristics, making them suitable for use in high temperature environments. They are also relatively large in size allowing them to store larger amounts of electric charge. Aluminium electrolytic capacitors are used in a wide range of applications including power supplies, audio power amplifiers, automotive systems, fuel pumps, solenoid valves, motor controllers, and many more.

Mechanism

The mechanism of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor is based on the principle of capacitance. The capacitance of a capacitor is determined by the surface area of its plates, the relative permittivity of its dielectric and the distance between the two plates. The higher the surface area of the electrodes, the larger the capacitance. Similarly, the higher the relative permittivity, the higher the capacitance. The distance between the plates also plays an important role in determining the capacitance of a capacitor. As the distance between the plates is increased, the capacitance decreases.

An electrolytic capacitor contains an anode and a cathode, which are made up of two aluminum foil sheets. The foil sheets are coated with an electrolyte solution, which acts as a dielectric. The electrolyte solution contains ions that can form anode and cathode layers on the foil sheets. When a voltage is applied between the two foils, an electric field is created, which causes the ions to form a charge-carrying layer on the foil sheets. This charge-carrying layer is called a "double-layer" and it is responsible for storing the electric charge in the capacitor.

The electrolyte solution also acts to reduce the leakage current of the capacitor. As electric charge is stored in the double-layer, the ions in the electrolyte solution move under the influence of electric field. This movement of ions creates a resistance, which slows down the flow of electric current through the capacitor. This is why aluminium electrolytic capacitors are characterized by their relatively low leakage current.

Application Field

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are widely used in various applications due to their high capacitance, high volumetric efficiency and low equivalent series resistance (ESR). These characteristics make them ideal for use in applications such as power supplies, audio power amplifiers, automotive systems, fuel pumps, solenoid valves and motor controllers.

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are used in power supplies for power conditioning, voltage stabilization, and filtering of high-frequency noise. They are also used in audio power amplifiers for ensuring optimal sound quality by filtering out high-frequency noise. In automotive systems, aluminum electrolytic capacitors are used for filtering noise generated by fuel pumps and solenoid valves.

Moreover, aluminum electrolytic capacitors are used for controlling the speed of motors by providing them with current for smooth operation and accurate positioning. They are also used for monitoring the motor voltage and current and for damping voltage peaks in electric motors.

Conclusion

In summary, aluminum electrolytic capacitors are electronic components used for a variety of applications due to their high capacitance, high volumetric efficiency and low ESR. Some of the most common applications for aluminum electrolytic capacitors include power supplies, audio power amplifiers, automotive systems, fuel pumps, solenoid valves and motor controllers.

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