860130574002

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Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are capacitors in which the anode consists of an aluminum foil covered with an oxide layer. A conductive material, in the form of a liquid or solid electrolyte, covers the oxide layer. The cathode is connected to the outside. The thickness and quantity of the oxide layer determines the capacitance and the voltage rating of the capacitor.

At the heart of the construction of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor is the porous anode foil which is made up of 99.9% pure aluminum typically in the range of 0.2 μm (0.000008 in) to 0.8 μm (0.00003 in) thick. A barrier layer of inert oxide of several nanometres in thickness is formed when the electrolyte is applied to the anode. On the other hand, the cathode consists of a very thin aluminum foil which forms the dielectric in the capacitor. This is why aluminum electrolytic capacitors are sometimes referred to as ‘wet’ capacitors.

860130574002 Application Field and Working Principle

860130574002 aluminum electrolytic capacitors are mainly used in a variety of electronic circuit applications such as power supplies, pulse circuits, video signals and harmonic suppression. Due to their high capacitance, long life and low ESR, they are very popular among designers and engineers.

The working principle of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor is based on the capacitance effect of a metal foil, which is formed by the electrochemical deposition of an oxide layer on a metal foil. The electrodeposition process produces an oxide layer with high surface area and a porous surface. The dielectric of the capacitor is formed by the thin oxide layer and the electrolyte, which allows the formation of electrical conduction and charge storage. The capacitance of the result is usually determined by the area of the anode, the dielectric strength of the oxide-electrolyte interface and the geometry of the electrode.

In addition, aluminum electrolytic capacitors are built in various styles such as radial, axial, snap-in and surface-mount types. They are available with capacitances up to 1500µF, a voltage rating up to 450V and an operating temperature range from -25°C to + 105°C . With these characteristics, aluminum electrolytic capacitors can be used in applications ranging from power supplies to audio circuits.

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