FOD814

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Optoisolators provide electrical isolation between two circuits, often a very low voltage logic-level control circuit and a line-powered circuit. The FOD814 is a particular type of optoisolator, an opto-coupler that functions as a transistor output circuit, using photovoltaic (PV) components.

The purpose of the optoisolator is to ensure that electrical signals originating from one circuit are not understood by the other. This prevents electrical signals from being propagated in the wrong direction, avoids incorrect responses, and generally improves circuit safety. If electrical signals from one circuit were to be interpreted by another when they should not be, unwanted currents may be generated that could cause malfunction. In the case of sensitive circuits this may lead to incorrect functioning or destruction due to short-circuiting.

The FOD814 uses a dielectric insulation layer between the photovoltaic cells and the separate circuits, allowing the photovoltaic cells to absorb information from the input circuit and block information from the output circuit. By preventing the output circuit from directly transferring electrical signals back into the input circuit, electrical isolation is preserved and low-level signals can be effectively transmitted without risk of interference from the load connected to the output circuit.

The FOD814 also contains a transistor or phototransistor that turns on and off in response to the photocurrent generated in the PV cell. When the input circuit is providing a current, the local current in the PV cell will build up triggering the transistor to switch from off to on. This in turn drives the load connected to the output, allowing the flow of electricity to the load.

The two circuits are connected via the transistor which is controlled by the photocurrent generated in the PV cell. Because the two circuits are isolated, there is no risk of interference between the two circuits. When the photocurrent is switched off, the transistor is turned off and no current is sent to the load, ensuring the circuits remain isolated.

The FOD814 also provides protection from voltage and current surges, due to its configurable current limit. This current limit is adjustable from 1 to 70mA, to protect the optoisolator from damage due to over voltage or over current, or from subsequent damage to the load connected to the output circuit.

The FOD814 is used in many applications where low power circuits need to be isolated from high power circuits. It is able to safely transmit low-level signals across the isolation barrier and ensure circuit integrity by protecting against unwanted currents. The FOD814 is also able to provide voltage and current surge protection, allowing the user to protect the optoisolator and any connected load.

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