HCNR200-300E

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Optoisolators are devices that are designed to electrically isolate one circuit from another. This is necessary in many applications where the second circuit is more sensitive than the first and can be damaged by the high voltage present in the first. The most common optoisolator type is the transistor, photovoltaic output type, the HCNR200-300E being a good example. The application field and working principle will be discussed in this article.

Application Field

The HCNR200-300E devices are used in discrete and digital circuits, products, and systems where electrical isolation between elements is required. The transistors used as the optocoupler element are isolated with a voltage proof of 5000Vrms between input and output and perform current transfer ratio (CTR) over wide range of current inputs. The current transfer ratio (CTR) range is specified from MIN 10% to MAX 1000%. HCNR200-300E optoisolators are suitable for isolating powerlines, low-power switches, logic signals and analog signals up to 100 kHz. The device meets the enhanced safety requirements of safety isolation systems due to UL approved creepage and clearance distances.

Working Principle

The HCNR200-300E is a photovoltaic transistor output optoisolator. It has an infrared emitting diode (IRED) that consists of a chip of semiconductor material coated with a material that emits light when sufficient current is passed through it. This light signal is transmitted across a gap of air to a phototransistor mounted in the same package. The transistor\'s collector/base junction does not require any external bias and is switched on when the light from the IRED reaches the phototransistor which causes secondary current to flow in the collector/emitter circuit of the transistor. When the LED is not energized the phototransistor will remain in its non-conducting state.

When the base/emitter of the phototransistor is energized, the collector emitter current can be finely adjusted by the design of the secondary circuit, allowing the device to be used with various current gains, from moderate to hundreds of microamperes. Since the device is optically isolated, the current gain of the optoisolator is independent of any common-mode voltage present in the system. The isolation voltage can often reach very high values, in excess of 2000 Volts.

Conclusion

The HCNR200-300E transistor, photovoltaic output optoisolator is a very reliable and effective way to provide electrical isolation between circuits that might otherwise be damaged by high voltages. The wide range of current gains, coupled with its high voltage isolation capability make the HCNR200-300E a popular choice for many applications. Its ease of use and wide availability also make it an appealing choice.

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